Antibiotics — Flashcards

Flashcard 341: What two drugs are commonly used for Lyme disease? _____

Answer: Doxycycline; Ceftriaxone

Flashcard 342: Macrolides (-thromycin) can prolong the _____, predisposing to Torsades de pointes

Answer: QT interval

Flashcard 343: _____ and _____ can be used to treat Lyme disease in children and pregnant women (β-lactams)

Answer: Amoxicillin

Flashcard 344: Sensitive Enterococcus spp. are treated with _____ or IV ampicillin

Answer: vancomycin

Flashcard 345: To remember the protein synthesis inhibiting antibiotics, the mnemonic "_____" is used

Answer: Buy AT 30, CCEL at 50

Flashcard 346: Resistance to Rifamycins is developed when mutations reduce binding to _____

Answer: RNA polymerase

Flashcard 347: Trimethoprim inhibits the conversion of dihydrofolic acid to tetrahydrofolic acid by inhibiting the enzyme _____.

Answer: dihydrofolate reductase

Extra: Trimethoprim inhibits bacterial dihydrofolate reductase, preventing the conversion of dihydrofolic acid to tetrahydrofolic acid. This disrupts DNA synthesis. Sulfonamides inhibit dihydropteroate synthase (the upstream step).

Flashcard 348: Clarithromycin and erythromycin _____ cytochrome p-450

Answer: inhibit

Flashcard 349: Which β-lactam antibiotics can cause GI side effects? _____

Answer: Carbapenems

Flashcard 350: To remember the coverage of Amoxicillin, Ampicillin, and Aminopenicillins, use the mnemonic: Am-cillin HHELPSS kill enterococci Haemophilus influenzae Helicobacter pylori Escherichia coli Listeria monocytogenes Proteus mirabilis Salmonella spp. S_____

Answer: higella spp.