GI — Flashcards

Flashcard 41: Porcelain gallbladder is a shrunken, hard gallbladder due to chronic inflammation, fibrosis, and dystrophic _____

Answer: calcification

Extra: Atlas:

Flashcard 42: Which type of esophageal cancer (SCC or adenocarcinoma) is associated with esophageal injury (e.g. lye/caustic ingestion)? _____

Answer: Squamous cell carcinoma

Extra: * irritants on table Atlas:

Flashcard 43: The third most common type of kidney stone (5%) is a(n) _____ stone

Answer: uric acid

Extra: * Calcium > MAP (Struvite) > Uric acid > Cystine

Flashcard 44: Alcoholic cirrhosis may be associated with _____ around central veins in early disease

Answer: sclerosis

Extra: Atlas:

Flashcard 45: _____ is a complication of diverticulosis due to inflammation of diverticula

Answer: Diverticulitis

Extra: Atlas:

Flashcard 46: Celiac disease is characterized histologically by _____ of crypts

Answer: hyperplasia

Extra: Atlas:

Flashcard 47: Crohn disease (IBD) is characterized histologically by lymphoid aggregates with _____

Answer: noncaseating granulomas

Extra: Atlas: "granny llamma"

Flashcard 48: _____ are solid, round stones in the gallbladder

Answer: Cholelithiasis (gallstones)

Extra: * **Yellow stones**: Cholesterol (most common) * **Black stones**: Unconjugated bilirubin (hemolysis, cirrhosis, ileal resection) * **Brown stones**: Unconjugated bilirubin (infection/biliary stasis; bacterial β-glucuronidase deconjugates bilirubin)

Flashcard 49: Calculous cholecystitis results from an impacted stone in the _____ duct, resulting in dilatation with inflammation and bacterial overgrowth

Answer: cystic

Extra: Atlas:

Flashcard 50: Patches of red velvety mucosa (columnar epithelium) extending upward form the gastroesophageal junction is seen in _____

Answer: Barrett's esophagus