Cell injury — Flashcards

Flashcard 231: In β-thalassemia major, __________ tetramers precipitate and damage RBCs.

Answer: α-globin (alpha-4) tetramers

Flashcard 232: Which cells release proteolytic enzymes in response to brain abscess, causing liquefactive necrosis?_____

Answer: Neutrophils

Flashcard 233: What is the standard screening test for G6PD deficiency?

Answer: Fluorescent spot test

Extra: The methemoglobin reduction test is another screening option. Heinz bodies (denatured hemoglobin) are visualized using supravital stains like crystal violet during an acute hemolytic episode. The definitive/confirmatory test is a quantitative G6PD enzyme assay.

Flashcard 234: Which type of necrosis is characterized by soft, friable necrotic tissue with a "cottage cheese-like" appearance? _____

Answer: Caseous necrosis

Flashcard 235: What cause of free radical injury occurs following thrombolytic therapy? _____

Answer: Reperfusion injury

Flashcard 236: The morphologic hallmark of cell death is loss of the _____

Answer: nucleus

Flashcard 237: Are patients with dystrophic calcifications usually normocalcemic? _____

Answer: Yes

Flashcard 238: _____ is caused by infarction of bone and marrow

Answer: Osteonecrosis (avascular necrosis)

Flashcard 239: Which feature of cell death is characterized by nuclear condensation? _____

Answer: Pyknosis

Flashcard 240: Which type of calcification (dystrophic or metastatic) tends to be localized? _____

Answer: Dystrophic