Gastroenterology — Flashcards

Flashcard 941: Colorectal cancer screening for average-risk adults aged _____-75: - gFOBT or FIT: qannually - Sigmoidoscopy: q5 years - Colonoscopy: q10 years

Answer: 45

Extra: The USPSTF 2021 guidelines updated the starting age for average-risk colorectal cancer screening to **45 years**. **Screening Modalities:** * **Colonoscopy**: every 10 years * **Annual FIT** or **gFOBT** * **Flexible sigmoidoscopy**: every 5 years (or every 10 years if combined with annual FIT) * **CT colonography**: every 5 years * **Stool DNA-FIT (Cologuard)**: every 1 or 3 years

Flashcard 942: What is the triad of Felty syndrome? _____

Answer: Rheumatoid Arthritis Splenomegaly Neutropenia

Flashcard 943: Well-demarcated, erythematous lesions and silvery-white scaling plaques on extensor surfaces= _____

Answer: psoriasis

Flashcard 944: Euvolemic hyponatremia with UOsm > 100 and urine Na > 40 is most likely _____, hypothyroidism, or glucocorticoid deficiency

Answer: SIADH

Flashcard 945: Sickle cell hemolysis = _____ deficiency = macrocytic anemia

Answer: folate

Flashcard 946: - Cough and congestion lasting > 10 days - Symptoms are severe (fever > 102, purulent mucus for > 3 days) - Symptoms worsen after initial improvement _____

Answer: Bacterial rhinosinusitis; oral antibiotics (amoxicillin/clavulanate)

Flashcard 947: What digestive enzyme may be elevated in patients with acute mesenteric ischemia? _____

Answer: Amylase

Flashcard 948: Autoimmune disease and a constellation of shock, abdominal pain, and fever directly after surgery are suggestive of _____

Answer: adrenal crisis

Extra: Acute adrenal insufficiency (adrenal crisis) is often triggered by major stress (e.g., surgery, infection, trauma) in patients with underlying primary adrenal insufficiency (e.g., autoimmune adrenalitis). Clinical features: - Hypotension/Shock (often refractory to fluids/vasopressors) - Fever - Abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting - Hyponatremia, hyperkalemia (in primary adrenal insufficiency)

Flashcard 949: What is the likely underlying etiology in a patient with bronchiectasis predominantly in the upper lobe and sputum cultures positive for Pseudomonas aeruginosa? _____

Answer: Cystic fibrosis

Flashcard 950: If someone has: - bloody diarrhea - diarrhea lasting more than 3-7 days - immunocompromised - evidence of systemic disease or severe dehydration _____

Answer: Get bacterial stool cultures