Gastroenterology — Flashcards

Flashcard 931: Why can people with chronic diarrhea develop uric acid stones? _____

Answer: ↓ pH and ↓ urine volume aka Acidic and concentrated urine

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/nephrology/kidney-stones/acquire?ref=anki 

Flashcard 932: Sciatica is most commonly caused by a(n) _____

Answer: herniated disc

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/neurology/back-pain/acquire?ref=anki 

Flashcard 933: - Cough and congestion lasting > 10 days - Symptoms are severe (fever > 102, purulent mucus for > 3 days) - Symptoms worsen after initial improvement _____

Answer: Bacterial rhinosinusitis; oral antibiotics (amoxicillin/clavulanate)

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki 

Flashcard 934: Colorectal cancer screenings start at what age: _____

Answer: 45-years-old

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gastroenterology/colon-cancer/acquire?ref=anki USPSTF Recommendations : -  Grade A: For adults aged 50 to 75 years. -  Grade B: For adults aged 45 to 49 years.

Flashcard 935: A painful, dermatomal rash that begins with small papules, evolves into vesicles or bullae, and crusts over in 7-10 days is characteristic of _____.

Answer: shingles (herpes zoster)

Extra: Shingles (herpes zoster) results from reactivation of the latent varicella-zoster virus within sensory ganglia. It is characterized by a prodrome of pain followed by a vesicular rash in a dermatomal distribution.

Flashcard 936: Colorectal cancer screening for average-risk adults aged _____-75: - gFOBT or FIT: qannually - Sigmoidoscopy: q5 years - Colonoscopy: q10 years

Answer: 45

Extra: The USPSTF 2021 guidelines updated the starting age for average-risk colorectal cancer screening to **45 years**. **Screening Modalities:** * **Colonoscopy**: every 10 years * **Annual FIT** or **gFOBT** * **Flexible sigmoidoscopy**: every 5 years (or every 10 years if combined with annual FIT) * **CT colonography**: every 5 years * **Stool DNA-FIT (Cologuard)**: every 1 or 3 years https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gastroenterology/colon-cancer/acquire?ref=anki

Flashcard 937: Chlamydia trachomatis (D-K) is usually: _____ in men _____ in women

Answer: symptomatic

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki 

Flashcard 938: What is the most likely diagnosis in an elderly patient who presents with fatigue/conjunctival pallor and use of aspirin/NSAIDs? _____

Answer: Iron deficiency anemia secondary to blood loss

Flashcard 939: Euvolemic hyponatremia with UOsm > 100 and urine Na > 40 is most likely _____, hypothyroidism, or glucocorticoid deficiency

Answer: SIADH

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/nephrology/sodium/acquire?ref=anki 

Flashcard 940: What is the most common cause of sore throat? _____

Answer: Viral pathogens

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki