Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: What GI symptoms (2) are associated with uremia (renal failure)?_____

Answer: Nausea, anorexia

Flashcard 2: _____ Syndrome is a malabsorption disorder caused by a lack of functional small intestine

Answer: Short Bowel

Flashcard 3: _____ is associated with small bowel necrosis and abdominal pain out of proportion to physical findings

Answer: Acute mesenteric ischemia

Flashcard 4: The first line treatment for Irritable bowel syndrome is lifestyle modification and increased dietary _____

Answer: fiber

Flashcard 5: The _____ type of Bacillus cereus food poisoning presents with watery, nonbloody diarrhea and GI pain within 8-18 hrs of consumption.

Answer: Diarrheal

Flashcard 6: Lactase deficiency may present with _____ due to the osmostic effects of undigested lactose

Answer: diarrhea

Flashcard 7: What is Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)?

Answer: A common benign condition in aging men characterized by nodular hyperplasia of the periurethral (lateral and middle) lobes of the prostate, leading to bladder outlet obstruction.

Extra: - **Symptoms:** Urinary frequency, nocturia, hesitancy, weak stream, dysuria. - **Diagnosis:** Digital Rectal Exam (smooth, firm, elastic enlargement), PSA (may be slightly elevated). - **Treatment:** - α1-antagonists (e.g., Tamsulosin) to relax smooth muscle. - 5α-reductase inhibitors (e.g., Finasteride) to decrease prostate size. - Surgery (TURP) if refractory. - **Complications:** Hypertrophy of the bladder, hydronephrosis, UTIs. - **Pathology:** Hyperplasia (increased cell number), NOT hypertrophy.

Flashcard 8: vertigo

Answer: sensation of spinning while stationary; subtype of "dizziness" but distinct from "lightheadedness"

Flashcard 9: What are the characteristic findings and complications of Hypertriglyceridemia (Hyperlipidemia type IV)?

Answer: - Elevated VLDL and TG - Risk of pancreatitis

Extra: Pathophysiology: Hepatic overproduction of VLDL. Inheritance: Autosomal Dominant (AD). Clinical note: Often does not cause xanthomas (unlike types I, II, III). High risk of acute pancreatitis when TGs >1000 mg/dL.

Flashcard 10: _____ is a cancer caused by HPV in HIV patients that often presents at the anus (in MSMs) or the cervix

Answer: Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Extra:   Watch Human papillomavirus (Papillomaviridae) [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-viruses/videos/medical-microbiology-viruses-dna-viruses-human-papillomavirus-papillomaviridae?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch Anorectal Disorders [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-viruses/videos/medical-microbiology-viruses-dna-viruses-cytomegalovirus-herpesviridae?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/dna-viruses/acquire?ref=anki