Gastroenterology — Flashcards

Flashcard 1341: A properly functioning marrow responds to anemia by increasing the reticulocyte count to _____%

Answer: > 3

Flashcard 1342: Which is more common, vitamin B12 or folate deficiency? _____

Answer: Folate deficiency

Flashcard 1343: Achalasia is characterized by _____ LES pressure on esophageal manometry

Answer: high

Flashcard 1344: Along with Bats, Rabies virus is also commonly carried by _____ in the western U.S.

Answer: skunks

Flashcard 1345: Gastric ulcers are usually due to _____ (~ 70%)

Answer: H. pylori

Flashcard 1346: What demographic (age group) is associated with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder? _____

Answer: Older adults

Flashcard 1347: Which blistering skin disorder, pemphigus vulgaris or bullous pemphigoid, may involve the oral mucosa? _____

Answer: Pemphigus vulgaris

Flashcard 1348: What is the urine osmolality (mOsm/kg) in early postrenal azotemia?

Answer: > 500 mOsm/kg

Extra: In **early** postrenal azotemia (initial obstruction), tubular function remains intact. The kidneys respond to the decreased effective flow by avidly reabsorbing water and sodium, resulting in concentrated urine (Uosm > 500) and low fractional excretion of sodium (FeNa < 1%), similar to prerenal azotemia. In **late** postrenal azotemia, prolonged pressure leads to tubular damage, resulting in an inability to concentrate urine (isosthenuria, Uosm < 350 mOsm/kg).

Flashcard 1349: The most common gallstone complication is _____

Answer: cholecystitis

Flashcard 1350: Esophageal web presents with dysphagia for _____ food

Answer: poorly chewed