Clinical Reasoning — Flashcards

Flashcard 161: What is the likely diagnosis in a cancer patient with hypotension, JVD, hypoxia and clear lungs? _____

Answer: Massive pulmonary embolism

Flashcard 162: What is the next step in management for patients with hyperbilirubinemia and a predominantly cholestatic pattern of liver function? _____

Answer: Abdominal ultrasound (or CT)

Flashcard 163: Telescoping of the bowel into itself → vascular compromise is suggestive of _____

Answer: intussusception

Flashcard 164: Diagnostics of **meconium ileus**? 1) _____ showing 'ground-glass' (soap bubble) appearance 2) _____ showing microcolon

Answer: X-ray

Extra: Meconium ileus is highly suggestive of Cystic Fibrosis. Gastrografin is a hyperosmolar, water-soluble contrast that helps dissolve the meconium obstruction and allows it to pass. The 'microcolon' seen on enema is a 'disuse' microcolon because the obstruction is proximal to the colon.

Flashcard 165: Smoker with persistent hoarseness and lesion on the vocal cord is suggestive of _____

Answer: laryngeal SCC

Flashcard 166: Rapid Diagnosis Thyroid function test shows _____ in congenital hypothyroidism.

Answer: high TSH and low free T4

Flashcard 167: Upper vs. Lower GI Bleeding: Diagnose Upper GI bleed with EGD Diagnose Lower GI bleed with _____ (fast bleeding) Diagnose Lower GI bleed with _____ (slow bleeding) Diagnose Lower GI bleed with _____ (no bleeding)

Answer: Arteriogram

Flashcard 168: Asymmetric red reflex is suggestive of _____

Answer: strabismus

Flashcard 169: How does postconcussive syndrome present? _____

Answer: Headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, mood alterations, and sleep disturbances

Flashcard 170: hyaline casts in urine is most likely caused by _____

Answer: hypovolemia (concentrated urine)