Clinical Reasoning — Flashcards

Flashcard 161: Weber test localizes to left ear → pt hears AC > BC bilaterally → _____

Answer: right-sided sensorineural hearing loss

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki 

Flashcard 162: What is the likely diagnosis in a cancer patient with hypotension, JVD, hypoxia and clear lungs? _____

Answer: Massive pulmonary embolism

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki 

Flashcard 163: Rapid Diagnosis Thyroid function test shows _____ in congenital hypothyroidism.

Answer: high TSH and low free T4

Flashcard 164: Smoker with persistent hoarseness and lesion on the vocal cord is suggestive of _____

Answer: laryngeal SCC

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki 

Flashcard 165: Telescoping of the bowel into itself → vascular compromise is suggestive of _____

Answer: intussusception

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gastroenterology/gi-bleed/acquire?ref=anki 

Flashcard 166: Diagnostics of **meconium ileus**? 1) _____ showing 'ground-glass' (soap bubble) appearance 2) _____ showing microcolon

Answer: X-ray

Extra: Meconium ileus is highly suggestive of Cystic Fibrosis. Gastrografin is a hyperosmolar, water-soluble contrast that helps dissolve the meconium obstruction and allows it to pass. The 'microcolon' seen on enema is a 'disuse' microcolon because the obstruction is proximal to the colon. https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/failure-to-pass-meconium

Flashcard 167: Low risk of PE = _____ High risk of PE = _____

Answer: D-dimer

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pulmonology/pulmonary-embolism/acquire?ref=anki 

Flashcard 168: Asymmetric red reflex is suggestive of _____

Answer: strabismus

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki 

Flashcard 169: hyaline casts in urine is most likely caused by _____

Answer: hypovolemia (concentrated urine)

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki 

Flashcard 170: Ortolani and Barlow maneuvers → palpable **clunk** is suggestive of _____

Answer: developmental dysplasia of the hip

Extra: The Ortolani maneuver (abduction) reduces a dislocated hip, while the Barlow maneuver (adduction) dislocates a lax hip. Palpable "clunks" are diagnostic of DDH, whereas high-pitched "clicks" are often benign.