Signal transduction pathways — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: NADPH oxidase

Answer: respiratory burst

Extra: O2O2-

Flashcard 2: Give the pathway by which glucagon/Epi regulate glycogen.

Answer: glucagon/Epi, adenylyl cyclase, cAMP, protein kinase A, glycogen phosphorylsae kinase, glycogen phosphorylase

Flashcard 3: Give the pathway by which insulin regulates glycogen.

Answer: insulin, tyrosine kinase receptor, protein phosphatases, inactivated glycogen phosphorylase kinase and glycogen phorphorylase

Flashcard 4: If an enyzme is a kinase, what do you know about its function?

Answer: uses ATP to add phosphate group to substrate

Flashcard 5: How does a direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) work?

Answer: 1. Patient's blood sample washed over a fixed antibody linked to a color-generating enzyme. 2. Any antibody-antibody-enzyme complex produces color change.

Flashcard 6: What is the function of cyclin proteins?

Answer: regulate cell cycle; concentrations are cyclic and phase-dependent, complex with and activate CDKs

Flashcard 7: When during the cell cycle are CDKs produced?

Answer: always; CDKs are constitutively expressed but inactive without the correct cyclin hence "cyclin-dependent"

Flashcard 8: Where does the exocytosis step of collagen synthesis occur?

Answer: plasma membrane of fibroblast

Flashcard 9: Which vesicular trafficking protein is involved in receptor-mediated endocytosis?

Answer: Clathrin (coated pits etc.)

Flashcard 10: Clathrin coated vesicles travel from where to where?

Answer: trans-Golgi to endosome plasma membrane to endosome

Flashcard 11: COPII coated vesicles travel from where to where?

Answer: ER to cis-Golgi (anterograde)

Flashcard 12: COPI coated vesicles travel from where to where?

Answer: cis-Golgi to ER (retrograde)