WNT signaling pathway — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: What is the mechanism that results in malignancy from the RAS oncogene?_____

Answer: point mutation

Flashcard 2: What type of oncogene is RAS?_____

Answer: GTP-binding protein (signal transducer)

Flashcard 3: Tumor suppressor genes _____ cell growth

Answer: regulate

Flashcard 4: MUTYH-associated polyposis is an _____ syndrome with multiple colorectal adenomas and an increased risk of colorectal cancer.

Answer: autosomal recessive (inheritance)

Flashcard 5: Which tumor suppressor genes are associated with colon cancer?_____

Answer: DCC, APC

Flashcard 6: The APC tumor suppresor regulates the Wnt signalling pathway by destroying _____ in the absence of a Wnt receptor-ligand interaction

Answer: B-catenin

Flashcard 7: NADPH oxidase

Answer: respiratory burst

Extra: O2O2-

Flashcard 8: Give the pathway by which glucagon/Epi regulate glycogen.

Answer: Glucagon/Epinephrine → Adenylyl cyclase → cAMP → Protein kinase A → Glycogen phosphorylase kinase → Glycogen phosphorylase

Flashcard 9: Give the pathway by which insulin regulates glycogen.

Answer: Insulin → Tyrosine kinase receptor → Activation of Protein Phosphatase 1 (PP1) → Dephosphorylation (inactivation) of glycogen phosphorylase & glycogen phosphorylase kinase AND dephosphorylation (activation) of glycogen synthase.

Extra: Insulin leads to the activation of glycogen synthase (promoting glycogenesis) and inhibition of glycogen phosphorylase (inhibiting glycogenolysis) via Protein Phosphatase 1.

Flashcard 10: If an enyzme is a kinase, what do you know about its function?

Answer: uses ATP to add phosphate group to substrate