Metabolism — Flashcards

Flashcard 781: What is the normal range of CSF: Glucose?

Answer: From 40 to 70 mg/dL

Flashcard 782: What is the normal range of CSF gamma globulin?

Answer: 3%–12% of total protein

Flashcard 783: What is the normal range for 24-hour urine sodium?

Answer: 40–220 mEq/day (varies with dietary intake)

Flashcard 784: What is the normal reference range for serum Creatine kinase (CK) in males?

Answer: 38–174 U/L (reference ranges vary by lab)

Extra: Creatine kinase (CK) levels are typically higher in males than females due to greater muscle mass. Reference ranges: • Males: 38–174 U/L • Females: 26–140 U/L

Flashcard 785: What is the normal range of Urine: 17-Ketosteroids, total (Female)?

Answer: From 6 to 15 mg/24 hr

Flashcard 786: What is the normal range of Amylase, serum?

Answer: From 25 to 125 U/L

Flashcard 787: Molecular biologists studying signal transduction apply an agent to human cells that activates G-protein-dependent phospholipase C. Which intracellular substances are most likely to increase immediately after exposure to this agent?

Answer: IP3, DAG, and Ca2+

Flashcard 788: 6 month old full term boy comes with lethargy and vomiting. -Patient was breastfed exclusively until 2 days ago when homemade purred food was added to his diet. -Serum glucose: 30 mg/dL. -Dx: confirms aldolase B deficiency. What should be removed from this patient's diet?

Answer: Sucrose or fructose due to aldolase B deficiency (sucrose: glucose+fructose) fructose --> fructose 1 phosphate by fructokinase. Fructose 1-phosphate ---> glyceraldehyde by aldolase B. Aldolase B deficiency: Fructose intolerence Fructokinase defect or deficiency: Essential fructosuria

Flashcard 789: Xylulose-5-phosphate is an intermediate in which metabolic pathway?

Answer: Pentose phosphate pathway (HMP shunt)

Flashcard 790: A 2 y/o boy is being evaluated for failure to thrive and developmental delay. - Past Medical history: recurrent ear infection since age 6 months. - Physical Exam: coarse facial features, corneal clouding, hepatosplenomegaly and restricted joint mobility. - Mass spectrometry analysis: Deficient phosphorylation of mannose residues on certain glycoproteins in the Golgi apparatus. - Normally, these proteins are most likely to be transported to which cellular location?

Answer: Lysosome This describes **I-cell disease** (inclusion cell disease), which is a defect in protein targeting due to the lack of phosphorylation of mannose residues (**mannose-6-phosphate** tag). Without this tag, lysosomal enzymes are secreted extracellularly rather than being delivered to lysosomes, leading to an accumulation of cellular debris (inclusion bodies).