Metabolism — Flashcards

Flashcard 601: Pathologic generation of free radicals arises with metals (e.g. copper and iron) via the _____ reaction

Answer: Fenton

Extra: Fenton reaction: Fe2+ + H2O2 → Fe3+ + •OH + OH-

Flashcard 602: Vitamin A is found in _____ and leafy vegetables

Answer: liver

Flashcard 603: After oxaloacetate has been formed from pyruvate (gluconeogenesis), it may exit the mitochondria and enter the cytosol via the _____ shuttle

Answer: malate

Extra: Other:

Flashcard 604: Muscle cannot participate in gluconeogenesis because it lacks the enzyme _____

Answer: glucose-6-phosphatase

Extra: Other:

Flashcard 605: Cells generate purines for cell growth through either _____ production or through the salvage pathway

Answer: de novo

Flashcard 606: Homocystinuria due to decreased affinity of cystathionine synthase for B6 is treated with very increased _____ and increased cysteine in the diet

Answer: B6

Flashcard 607: Most notably, the serum tumor marker _____ is elevated in patients with neuroendocrine tumors

Answer: Chromogranin

Flashcard 608: What is the rate-limiting enzyme of de novo pyrimidine synthesis? _____

Answer: Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase II

Flashcard 609: Does hemolysis result in unconjugated or conjugated hyperbilirubinemia? _____

Answer: Unconjugated

Extra: * due to heme breakdown; high levels of UCB overwhelm the conjugating ability of the liver

Flashcard 610: Following binding of insulin receptor substrate 1 to the insulin receptor, _____-domain proteins bind to IRS-1

Answer: SH2