Metabolism — Flashcards

Flashcard 391: The more serious defects in galactose and fructose metabolism may lead to _____ depletion

Answer: phosphate (PO43-)

Flashcard 392: In the muscle, glutamate transfers its NH3 group to _____, forming alanine and α-ketoglutarate

Answer: pyruvate

Flashcard 393: Pyruvate may be converted to _____ via the enzyme pyruvate carboxylase

Answer: oxaloacetate

Extra: Other:

Flashcard 394: Disorders of galactose metabolism may present with cataracts due to accumulation of _____ in the lens

Answer: galactitol

Flashcard 395: IFN-y upregulates production of inducible _____ which is involved in the generation of ONOO- (a powerful free radical)

Answer: nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)

Flashcard 396: The "-ogen" suffix (e.g. urobilinogen) indicates a(n) _____ compound

Answer: colorless

Extra: UWorld:

Flashcard 397: One type of receptor tyrosine kinase is a(n) _____, which dimerizes and auto-phosphorylates upon binding of a hormone or ligand

Answer: monomer

Flashcard 398: What is the rate-limiting enzyme of gluconeogenesis? _____

Answer: Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase

Extra: Other:

Flashcard 399: What substrates accumulate in the lysosomes of a patient with Hunter syndrome? _____ and _____

Answer: Heparan sulfate

Flashcard 400: Physiological neonatal jaundice occurs due to transiently low _____ activity at birth

Answer: UDP-glucuronyl transferase