Metabolism — Flashcards

Flashcard 311: Edward syndrome presents with _____ free α-fetoprotein (AFP)

Answer: decreased

Extra: Atlas:

Flashcard 312: Ribulose-5-phosphate may be converted to _____-5-phosphate via the enzyme phosphopentose isomerase (HMP shunt)

Answer: ribose

Extra: The non-oxidative phase of the Pentose Phosphate Pathway (HMP Shunt) utilizes the following enzymes: 1. Phosphopentose isomerase (Ribulose-5-P ↔ Ribose-5-P) 2. Phosphopentose epimerase (Ribulose-5-P ↔ Xylulose-5-P) 3. Transketolase (requires Thiamine/B1) 4. Transaldolase

Flashcard 313: Which amino acid is the precursor to glutathione? _____

Answer: Glutamate

Flashcard 314: In the adenylyl cyclase mechanism of cellular signaling, the second messenger _____ activates protein kinase A, which then phosphorylates specific proteins to produce physiologic actions

Answer: cAMP

Flashcard 315: Patients get exposed to Nitrosamines through the consumption of _____

Answer: smoked meats

Flashcard 316: If the amount of enzymes doubles, the Vmax _____, while Km _____

Answer: doubles

Flashcard 317: Does the oxygen-myoglobin dissociation curve have a sigmoidal shape? Why? _____

Answer: No, myoglobin is monomeric (no positive cooperativity)

Flashcard 318: In 5-alpha-reductase deficiency, there are _____ levels of testosterone and _____ levels of LH

Answer: normal

Flashcard 319: What type of bilirubin (conjugated or unconjugated) is formed in the splenic macrophages? _____

Answer: Unconjugated/indirect bilirubin

Extra: UWorld:

Flashcard 320: Does Gilbert syndrome result in unconjugated or conjugated hyperbilirubinemia? _____

Answer: Unconjugated