Metabolism — Flashcards

Flashcard 1081: What is the rate-limiting enzyme of de novo pyrimidine synthesis? _____

Answer: Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase II

Flashcard 1082: HGPRT deficiency (Lesch-Nyhan syndrome) results in _____ production of uric acid

Answer: increased

Flashcard 1083: In total, the TCA cycle produces _____ GTP per acetyl-CoA

Answer: 1

Flashcard 1084: A deficiency in _____ is the most common genetic cause of hyperhomocysteinemia (homocystinuria II)

Answer: methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR)

Flashcard 1085: Treatment of maple syrup urine disease includes high-dose _____ supplementation

Answer: thiamine

Flashcard 1086: The protoporphyrin (from heme) within macrophages that have consumed RBCs is broken down into _____

Answer: unconjugated bilirubin

Flashcard 1087: The more serious defects in galactose and fructose metabolism may lead to _____ depletion

Answer: phosphate (PO43-)

Flashcard 1088: What is the molecular shorthand for **reduced glutathione**?

Answer: GSH (Glutathione-SH)

Extra: Reduced glutathione (GSH) contains a sulfhydryl group. Two molecules of GSH are oxidized to form **GSSG** (oxidized glutathione), which contains a disulfide bond.

Flashcard 1089: Through which secondary messenger(s) does glucagon exert its actions on liver and adipose tissue?_____

Answer: cAMP

Flashcard 1090: Is conjugated (direct) bilirubin water soluble?_____

Answer: Yes