Neuroanatomy — Flashcards

Flashcard 581: Which thalamic nucleus receives input from the spinothalamic tract and dorsal columns? _____

Answer: Ventral posterolateral (VPL)

Flashcard 582: Which cranial nerve is affected in herpes zoster ophthalmicus?

Answer: Trigeminal nerve (CN V), specifically the ophthalmic (V1) branch

Flashcard 583: What hypothalamic structure receives hippocampal input via the fornix and is characteristically damaged in thiamine deficiency (Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome)?

Answer: Mammillary body

Flashcard 584: Do **intramedullary lesions of the medulla** affect the fibers of the spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)?

Answer: No

Extra: The spinal accessory nerve (CN XI) originates from the **spinal accessory nucleus** located in the **ventral horn of the upper cervical spinal cord (C1-C5)**. Because the nerve originates in the spinal cord and its fibers ascend within the subarachnoid space (extramedullary) to enter the foramen magnum, **intramedullary lesions of the medulla** do not affect its fibers or nucleus.

Flashcard 585: The medial longitudinal fasciculus is _____ myelinated (heavily or lightly)

Answer: heavily

Flashcard 586: Which dopaminergic pathway connects the substantia nigra pars compacta to the neostriatum? _____

Answer: Nigrostriatal pathway

Flashcard 587: Syrinx expansion in syringomyelia may lead to damage to the _____ motoneurons of the anterior horn

Answer: lower

Flashcard 588: What type of cell (permanent, labile, stable) are neurons? _____

Answer: Permanent (do not divide in adulthood)

Flashcard 589: Structures of the _____ system include the hippocampus, amygdala, fornix, mammillary bodies, and cingulate gyrus

Answer: limbic

Flashcard 590: What functional cortical area corresponds to Brodmann area 4?

Answer: Primary motor cortex

Extra: Brodmann area 4 is located in the precentral gyrus of the frontal lobe.