Neuroanatomy — Flashcards

Flashcard 391: Which brainstem pathway carries fine touch, vibration, and proprioception from the body to the VPL nucleus of the thalamus?

Answer: Medial lemniscus

Extra: The medial lemniscus is formed by the decussation of second-order neurons (internal arcuate fibers) from the nucleus gracilis and cuneatus in the medulla. It carries fine touch, vibration, and proprioception to the VPL nucleus of the thalamus.

Flashcard 392: Where is the nucleus of CN XI (accessory nucleus) located? _____

Answer: Spinal cord

Flashcard 393: Rules of 4: Lesions in the brain stem that affect the motor nuclei or nerves typically result in _____-lateral loss of the affected nerve

Answer: ipsi

Flashcard 394: How many neurons are required for the dorsal column-medial lemniscus pathway? _____

Answer: Three

Flashcard 395: The post-ganglionic neurons of the ANS have cell bodies in the _____ nervous system

Answer: peripheral

Flashcard 396: The _____ is slender pial extension that tethers the spinal cord to the bottom of the vertebral column

Answer: filum terminale

Flashcard 397: Which brainstem level is characterized by the presence of the 4th ventricle, inferior olivary nucleus, and cranial nerves IX, X, and XII?

Answer: Open Medulla

Flashcard 398: Identify the brainstem level characterized by the following features: - Colliculi - Cerebral aqueduct - Cerebral peduncles - Oculomotor nerve (CN III)

Answer: Rostral midbrain

Extra: The presence of CN III (oculomotor nerve) nuclei and exiting fibers specifically identifies the **rostral** level of the midbrain (at the level of the superior colliculus). The caudal midbrain is characterized by the inferior colliculus and the trochlear nerve (CN IV).

Flashcard 399: Identify the cortical area located in the superior parietal lobule.

Answer: Somatosensory association cortex (Brodmann areas 5 and 7)

Flashcard 400: Which structure forms the lateral part of the lentiform nucleus?

Answer: Putamen

Extra: The lentiform nucleus consists of the putamen (lateral) and the globus pallidus (medial). It is located lateral to the internal capsule.