Neuroanatomy — Flashcards

Flashcard 21: The structure labeled as number 5 is the _____.

Answer: fourth ventricle

Flashcard 22: Identify structure #4 in the provided image of the brainstem/ventricular system segment.

Answer: Cerebral aqueduct (of Sylvius) :: Identify the structure marked as #4.

Flashcard 23: Middle cerebral artery (MCA) supplies which surface of the brain?

Answer: Supplies the lateral surface of the cerebral hemispheres.::Which surface of the brain does this artery supply?

Extra: The Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA) supplies most of the lateral surface of the brain, including the motor and sensory areas for the face and upper limbs, and the speech areas (Broca and Wernicke). The images likely show its distribution (often color-coded red in anatomic diagrams).

Flashcard 24: frontal eye fields

Answer: eyes look towards lesion

Flashcard 25: Lesion of the hippocampus results in:

Answer: Anterograde amnesia

Flashcard 26: subthalamic nucleus

Answer: hemiballismus

Flashcard 27: cerebellar vermis

Answer: truncal ataxia, dysarthria

Flashcard 28: What clinical signs are typically associated with lesions or dysfunction of the basal ganglia?

Answer: Resting tremor, chorea, athetosis, hemiballismus, and rigidity.

Extra: Basal ganglia lesions lead to involuntary movements and/or disturbances in muscle tone. - Resting tremor (e.g., Parkinson's disease - Substantia Nigra) - Chorea (e.g., Huntington's disease - Striatum/Caudate) - Athetosis (slow writhing movements - Striatal lesions) - Hemiballismus (flinging movements - Subthalamic nucleus)

Flashcard 29: non-dominant parietal lobe

Answer: spatial neglect syndrome i.e agnosia of contralateral side of world

Flashcard 30: Clinical features of a cerebellar hemisphere lesion?

Answer: intention tremor, limb ataxia, loss of balance