Neuroanatomy — Flashcards

Flashcard 251: The axons of the nucleus gracilis and cuneatus are termed _____ fibers before decussating

Answer: internal arcuate

Flashcard 252: The _____ is the channel that connects the third and fourth ventricles.

Answer: cerebral aqueduct

Extra: The cerebral aqueduct is located within the midbrain. Obstruction of this channel (aqueductal stenosis) leads to non-communicating hydrocephalus.

Flashcard 253: The molecular layer of the cerebellar cortex contains _____, which are the axons of granule cells

Answer: parallel fibers

Flashcard 254: Identify the cranial nerve that emerges from the medulla in the **pre-olivary sulcus** (between the pyramid and the olive): _____

Answer: Hypoglossal (CN XII)

Extra: The hypoglossal nerve (CN XII) is the only cranial nerve to exit the brainstem via the pre-olivary sulcus (located between the pyramid and the olive of the medulla).

Flashcard 255: The _____ is the cortical area responsible for executive function, personality, and decision-making.

Answer: prefrontal cortex

Flashcard 256: Identify the spinal cord section with a lateral horn, small ventral horn, and two dorsal columns (e.g., T2-T4): _____

Answer: Thoracic

Flashcard 257: The _____ is the site of decussation for the spinothalamic tract in the spinal cord.

Answer: Anterior white commissure

Extra: The anterior white commissure is the site in the spinal cord where fibers of the spinothalamic tract and the anterior corticospinal tract decussate. Damage to this structure, as seen in syringomyelia, typically results in a bilateral "cape-like" loss of pain and temperature sensation.

Flashcard 258: The HSV-1 virus that causes oral herpes remains dormant in the ganglia of the _____ nerve

Answer: trigeminal

Flashcard 259: Identify the gyrus on the medial surface of the occipital lobe, located superior to the calcarine sulcus and posterior to the parieto-occipital sulcus: _____

Answer: Cuneus

Flashcard 260: _____ cells line the ventricles in the adult brain

Answer: Ependymal