Gynaecology — Flashcards

Flashcard 91: ~95% of ectopic pregnancies implant in the _____

Answer: fallopian tube

Flashcard 92: What are the non-hormonal pharmacotherapy options for vasomotor symptoms in menopause?\n_____

Answer: SSRI, SNRI, Gabapentin, or Clonidine

Extra: Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) is the most effective treatment for vasomotor symptoms but is contraindicated in patients with a history of breast cancer, thromboembolism, or active liver disease. Non-hormonal options like Paroxetine (SSRI) or Venlafaxine (SNRI) are preferred in these cases.

Flashcard 93: What is the _____ management of uterine fibroids? Answer: Hysterectomy

Answer: definitive

Extra: - **Definitive management:** Hysterectomy - **Fertility-sparing management:** Myomectomy - **Non-surgical options:** Uterine artery embolization (UAE), Medical management (GnRH analogues, NSAIDs, OCPs)

Flashcard 94: To reduce fibroid size (e.g. pre-surgery), medical management may involve _____

Answer: GnRH agonists e.g. goserelin acetate

Flashcard 95: What is the first-line treatment for menorrhagia in uterine fibroids (size <3 cm) if contraception is desired?

Answer: Levonorgestrel IUS (Mirena) is the first-line medical treatment for heavy menstrual bleeding (menorrhagia) associated with fibroids <3 cm in size, especially when contraception is desired.

Flashcard 96: What investigation is done for suspected uterine fibroids? _____

Answer: Pelvic ultrasound

Flashcard 97: HRT increases ↑ the risk of _____ & ovarian cancer :(

Answer: breast

Flashcard 98: Uterine fibroids can present with _____, pelvic pain & difficulty conceiving

Answer: menorrhagia

Flashcard 99: What are the common presenting symptoms of endometriosis? (5) _____

Answer: chronic pelvic pain + Dysmenorrhoea, deep Dyspareunia, Dysuria & Dyschezia

Flashcard 100: What is the prognosis of fibroids? _____

Answer: Typically regress post-menopause