Safe Prescribing UK Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Safe Prescribing with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Safe Prescribing Flashcard Deck - 10 Cards
Flashcard 111: _____ may be given to patients with suspected TCA overdose if the medication was taken in the past 1-2 hours
Answer: Activated charcoal
Flashcard 112: Patients with suspected digoxin toxicity should have an _____, serum digoxin, and U&Es
Answer: ECG
Flashcard 113: The most important inhibitory effects of TCA toxicity are _____ inhibition and muscarinic ACh receptor inhibition
Answer: sodium channel
Flashcard 114: TCA toxicity causes inhibition of _____ receptors, muscarinic receptors, histamine receptors, sodium channels
Answer: alpha-adrenergic
Flashcard 115:
How can serotonin syndrome be differentiated from other drug-induced hyperthermias?
_____
Answer: Serotonin syndrome causes neuromuscular excitability (hyperreflexia & myoclonus - particularly lower limbs)
Flashcard 116: Recreational drugs such as _____ and cocaine may cause serotonin syndrome
Answer: Ecstasy (MDMA)
Flashcard 117: _____ and widened QRS (>100ms) are found in patients with TCA toxicity?
Answer: Prolonged QTc interval
Flashcard 118:
_____ and hypomagnesaemia may occur in patients with digoxin toxicity
Answer: Hyperkalaemia
Extra: Digoxin toxicity:
1. Causes **hyperkalaemia** (blocks Na+/K+ ATPase, preventing K+ entry into cells).
2. **Hypomagnesaemia** increases sensitivity to digoxin, increasing risk of toxicity.
3. Note: While hyperkalaemia is a *consequence*/prognostic marker of toxicity, hypokalaemia and hypomagnesaemia *exacerbate* the effect of digoxin.
Flashcard 119: The management of autonomic instability in serotonin syndrome involves treatment with _____ antihypertensives (e.g. esmolol or nitroprusside).
Answer: short-acting
Extra: Serotonin Syndrome management:
1. Discontinue offending agents.
2. Supportive care (IV fluids, oxygen).
3. Benzodiazepines for agitation and seizures.
4. Cyproheptadine (5-HT2A antagonist) as a specific antidote.
5. Hyperthermia: aggressive cooling (not antipyretics).
6. Autonomic instability: treat with short-acting antihypertensives; avoid monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
Flashcard 120: The first line managment of TCA overdose is _____
Answer: IV hypertonic sodium bicarbonate
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