Rheumatology & Haematology UK Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Rheumatology & Haematology with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Rheumatology & Haematology Flashcard Deck - 10 Cards
Flashcard 311: What is the likely diagnosis in an elderly patient with recurrent infections, ecchymoses, and a dermatological rash. Blood smear shows Auer rods.
_____
Answer: Acute myeloid leukaemia
Flashcard 312: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia can cause _____ because of suppression of thrombocytopoiesis
Answer: bleeding/bruising
Flashcard 313: Blood smear for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia is typically associated with _____ blasts with scant cytoplasm and inconspicuous nucleoli.
Answer: small to medium
Extra: Lymphoblasts (ALL) are generally smaller than myeloblasts (AML). They have condensed/clumped chromatin, scant cytoplasm, and lack Auer rods.
Flashcard 314: Acute leukaemias are at increased risk with _____ syndrome
Answer: Down
Flashcard 315: FBC for acute myeloid leukaemia:
_____ thrombocytes
↓ Hb
↓/normal/↑ WBC (see below for caveat)
Answer: ↓
Extra: Caveat for WBC: While the total WBC count can be high (leukocytosis) due to circulating blasts, patients will actually have functional neutropenia.
Flashcard 316: What is the general management for acute myeloid leukaemia?
_____
Answer: - Induction chemotherapy
- Consolidation chemotherapy
Extra: In AML, the primary phases are Induction and Consolidation. Maintenance therapy is standard in ALL but is not typically used in AML (with the exception of APL/M3 and specific targeted therapies like FLT3 inhibitors in some protocols).
Flashcard 317: The confirmatory investigation for acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is _____.
Answer: Bone marrow aspiration & biopsy
Extra: AML is suggested by Auer rods on peripheral smear. Confirmed by BM biopsy showing ≥ 20% myeloblasts. Special stains: Myeloperoxidase (MPO) positive.
Flashcard 318: A _____ is often done in patients with AML (esp APL) to screen for / rule out disseminated intravascular coagulation
Answer: coagulation screen
Flashcard 319: What are the initial investigations for acute myeloid leukaemia?
_____
Answer: FBC (very urgent within 48 hours) & peripheral blood smear
Flashcard 320: Acute myeloid leukaemia is a malignant proliferation of _____ cells
Answer: myeloid progenitor
Keywords: Rheumatology & Haematology flashcards, medical flashcards, NEET PG preparation, USMLE Step 1 flashcards, Anki alternative, spaced repetition medical, OnCourse flashcards
