Rheumatology & Haematology — Flashcards

Flashcard 301: A _____ is often done in patients with AML (esp APL) to screen for / rule out disseminated intravascular coagulation

Answer: coagulation screen

Flashcard 302: Acute myeloid leukemia progresses _____ within days to weeks

Answer: rapidly

Flashcard 303: Acute myeloid leukaemia is classified using the _____ classification system to predict prognosis and guide management decisions.

Answer: WHO (2022)

Extra: The WHO (2022) classification and the International Consensus Classification (ICC) are the current standards. Most AML subtypes still require ≥20% blasts in the blood or bone marrow, though some genetic-defined AMLs (like APL) can be diagnosed with lower blast counts.

Flashcard 304: What are the initial investigations for acute myeloid leukaemia? _____

Answer: FBC (very urgent within 48 hours) & peripheral blood smear

Flashcard 305: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia progresses _____ within days to weeks

Answer: rapidly

Flashcard 306: Acute myeloid leukaemia is a malignant proliferation of _____ cells

Answer: myeloid progenitor

Flashcard 307: The confirmatory investigation for acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is _____.

Answer: Bone marrow aspiration & biopsy

Extra: AML is suggested by Auer rods on peripheral smear. Confirmed by BM biopsy showing ≥ 20% myeloblasts. Special stains: Myeloperoxidase (MPO) positive.

Flashcard 308: What are the initial investigations for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia? _____

Answer: FBC (very urgent within 48 hours) & peripheral blood smear

Flashcard 309: Acute leukaemias are at increased risk with _____ syndrome

Answer: Down

Flashcard 310: What is the likely diagnosis in an elderly patient with recurrent infections, ecchymoses, and a dermatological rash. Blood smear shows Auer rods. _____

Answer: Acute myeloid leukaemia