Renal & Urology — Flashcards

The most common cause of post-renal AKI is _____ especially in elderly males

What is the likely diagnosis in a patient with periorbital oedema, sudden-onset flank pain with protein +++ & blood + on urinalysis? _____

_____-renal acute kidney injury is the most common mechanism

Hint: Pre/Intra/Post

Primary nephrotic syndromes in children are most commonly caused by _____

Suspect _____ in a patient with chronic kidney disease that presents with encephalopathy and asterixis on examination

Management for nephrotic syndrome: Oedema: restrict _____ intake, give loop diuretics Hypertension/protein reduction: ACEi or ARB Hyperlipidaemia: Statin Hypercoaguability: Anticoagulation

Hint: 2

Primary nephrotic syndromes in _____ are commonly caused by membranous nephropathy & focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS)

Hint: children/adults

_____ can precipitate pre-renal AKI by decreasing effective circulating volume

Hint: drug

Decreased production of the active form of vitamin _____ by the kidneys in CKD contributes to decreased Ca2+

What is the management of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis? _____