Neurology UK Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Neurology with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Neurology Flashcard Deck - 10 Cards
Flashcard 531: ALS typically presents initially with asymmetric weakness and atrophy/fasciculations in the _____ limbs.
Answer: upper
Flashcard 532: Subarachnoid haemorrhage is a type of _____ stroke
Answer: haemorrhagic
Flashcard 533: If a lumbar puncture is indicated in SAH, it should be performed _____ after symptom onset.
Answer: 12 hours
Extra: Waiting 12 hours allows for the development of **xanthochromia** (bilirubin in the CSF), which is necessary to distinguish a true subarachnoid hemorrhage from a traumatic tap.
Flashcard 534: Progressive bulbar palsy predominantly affects motor neurons in the _____ causing slurred speech & dysphagia
Answer: bulbar region
Extra: Key clinical features: Dysarthria (slurred speech), Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing), and tongue wasting/fasciculations. \n\nNote: 'Dysphasia' in the original card was corrected to 'dysphagia' as PBP affects the mechanics of swallowing (bulbar LMNs), not cortical language centers.
Flashcard 535: What is the most common subtype of motor neuron disease?
Answer: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) accounts for 80-90% of cases, including Progressive Bulbar Palsy (PBP) which is often considered a subtype/presentation of ALS.
Flashcard 536: Motor neuron disease (MND) subtypes include _____, PBP (progressive bulbar palsy), PLS (primary lateral sclerosis), PMA (progressive muscular atrophy)
Answer: ALS (amytropic lateral sclerosis)
Flashcard 537: ALS typically presents with _____ weakness.
Answer: asymmetric
Extra: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) involves both Upper Motor Neuron (UMN) and Lower Motor Neuron (LMN) signs. While it eventually becomes more generalized, the initial presentation is characteristically asymmetric.
Flashcard 538: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis affects _____ motor neurons
Answer: upper & lower
Flashcard 539: Motor neuron disease is diagnosed clinically, but _____ can identify denervation & fibrillation
Answer: electromyography (EMG)
Flashcard 540: Progressive muscular atrophy affects _____ motor neurons
Answer: lower
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