Gastroenterology & Hepatology UK Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Gastroenterology & Hepatology with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Gastroenterology & Hepatology Flashcard Deck - 10 Cards
Flashcard 841: Gluten should be introduced in the diet at least _____ before celiac disease serology tests & endoscopy
Answer: 6 weeks
Flashcard 842: _____ can be used to monitor gluten-free diet compliance for coeliac disease
Answer: Anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies
Flashcard 843: Patients with coeliac disease are offered _____ vaccination every 5 years
Answer: pneumococcal
Flashcard 844: Coeliac disease can be complicated with _____ because of malabsorption of vitamin D
Answer: osteoporosis
Flashcard 845: What electrolyte disturbances are present in pyloric stenosis?
_____ alkalosis
Answer: Hypochloraemic & hypokalaemic
Flashcard 846: The investigation of choice to diagnose infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is _____.
Answer: Ultrasound
Flashcard 847: What is the management of pyloric stenosis?
_____
Answer: Medical stabilization (IV fluids/electrolytes) followed by surgical pyloromyotomy
Extra: Initial management must focus on correcting hypochloremic, hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis with IV fluids (Normal Saline with KCl). Definitive treatment is a Ramstedt's pyloromyotomy.
Flashcard 848: What is the likely diagnosis in an infant that presents with projectile, non-bilious emesis immediately after eating and an olive-shaped mass in the abdomen?
_____
Answer: Pyloric stenosis
Flashcard 849: Pyloric stenosis presents with _____ typically occurring in an infant 3-6 weeks old.
Answer: non-bilious projectile vomiting
Extra: Pyloric stenosis (IHPS) is characterized by hypertrophy of the pylorus, leading to gastric outlet obstruction. \n\nKey features:\n- Non-bilious projectile vomiting (vs. bilious in duodenal atresia).\n- 'Olive-shaped' mass in the epigastrium.\n- Hypochloremic hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis.\n- Visible peristaltic waves.
Flashcard 850: Pyloric stenosis presents with projectile, non-bilious vomiting, _____, and dehydration
Answer: constipation
Extra: Classical finding: "Olive-shaped" mass in the epigastrium. Diagnosis: Ultrasound showing increased pyloric wall thickness and length.
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