Gastroenterology & Hepatology UK Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Gastroenterology & Hepatology with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Gastroenterology & Hepatology Flashcard Deck - 10 Cards
Flashcard 821: Pyloric stenosis generally occurs in infants up to _____ old
Answer: 2 months
Flashcard 822: Coeliac disease peaks in _____ & 50-60yrs
Answer: childhood
Flashcard 823: Gluten exposure in coeliac disease leads to _____ atrophy which causes malabsorption
Answer: villous
Flashcard 824:
The prevalence rate of coeliac disease in the UK is _____%, but only 36% of people with the condition are currently clinically diagnosed
Answer: 1
Flashcard 825: _____ disease may present with many signs & symptoms:
- Diarrhoea
- Steatorrhoea
- Abdominal pain
- Bloating
- Irritable bowel syndrome
- Faltering growth
- Prolonged fatigue
- Mouth ulcers
- Deficiencies
- Dermatitis herpetiformis
Answer: Coeliac
Flashcard 826: _____ is felt on physical examination of pyloric stenosis
Answer: Olive-shaped mass
Flashcard 827: Coeliac disease can present with anaemia
Hb: _____
Vit B12: ↓
Ferritin: ↓
Answer: ↓
Extra: In Coeliac disease, malabsorption occurs primarily in the proximal small intestine (duodenum and proximal jejunum), which is the main site for iron absorption (leading to ↓ Ferritin). Extensive disease can involve the ileum, leading to Vitamin B12 deficiency. Anaemia is often multifactorial (iron, B12, or folate deficiency).
Flashcard 828: What is the likely diagnosis in an infant that presents with projectile, non-bilious emesis immediately after eating and an olive-shaped mass in the abdomen?
_____
Answer: Pyloric stenosis
Flashcard 829: Pyloric stenosis presents with _____ typically occurring in an infant 3-6 weeks old.
Answer: non-bilious projectile vomiting
Extra: Pyloric stenosis (IHPS) is characterized by hypertrophy of the pylorus, leading to gastric outlet obstruction. \n\nKey features:\n- Non-bilious projectile vomiting (vs. bilious in duodenal atresia).\n- 'Olive-shaped' mass in the epigastrium.\n- Hypochloremic hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis.\n- Visible peristaltic waves.
Flashcard 830: Pyloric stenosis presents with projectile, non-bilious vomiting, _____, and dehydration
Answer: constipation
Extra: Classical finding: "Olive-shaped" mass in the epigastrium. Diagnosis: Ultrasound showing increased pyloric wall thickness and length.
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