Gastroenterology & Hepatology — Flashcards

Flashcard 51: The surveillance for long-segment (≥ 3 cm) non-dysplastic Barrett's esophagus is endoscopy every _____.

Answer: 3 years

Extra: Surveillance intervals for non-dysplastic Barrett's Esophagus (BE): - **Short-segment (< 3 cm):** Every 5 years. - **Long-segment (≥ 3 cm):** Every 3 years. *Note: If low-grade dysplasia is present, intervals are shortened (e.g., every 6–12 months) or endoscopic eradication therapy is performed.*

Flashcard 52: What is the pharmacological management of GORD unresponsive to PPI? _____

Answer: H2RA therapy

Flashcard 53: What is the symptomatic management (GORD symptoms) of Barrett's oesophagus?\n_____

Answer: Full dose PPI

Flashcard 54: Barrett's oesophagus is the replacement of _____ with columnar epithelium

Answer: stratified squamous epithelium

Flashcard 55: GORD presents with _____ burning pain, regurgitation (acid taste), and a chronic cough worse at night

Answer: retrosternal

Flashcard 56: Barrett's oesophagus is a precursor for _____

Answer: adenocarcinoma

Flashcard 57: _____ is premalignant metaplasia of the lower oesophagus arising from chronic acid reflux

Answer: Barrett's oesphagus

Flashcard 58: What is the investigation for GORD (acid reflux) if further investigations are needed? _____

Answer: Oesophago-gastroduodenoscopy

Flashcard 59: What medication is associated with high risk of C.difficile?

Answer: • Clindamycin

Flashcard 60: What is the most sensitive and specific lab finding for diagnosis of liver cirrhosis in those with chronic liver disease?

Answer: • Thrombocytopenia (low platelet count)