Gastroenterology & Hepatology — Flashcards

Flashcard 511: Hepatitis B serology: _____ is positive when there is current infection (acute or chronic)

Answer: Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)

Flashcard 512: What is the most important lifestyle advice for a patient with hepatitis regarding substance use?

Answer:

Extra: Avoidance of alcohol is crucial in patients with hepatitis as it accelerates liver damage, promotes progression to cirrhosis, and can trigger acute-on-chronic liver failure.

Flashcard 513: Hepatitis A usually lasts < _____

Answer: 3 months

Flashcard 514: _____ hepatitis is rare (~0.5%) and causes jaundice, AMS, asterixis, cerebral oedema...

Answer: Fulminant

Flashcard 515: LFTs for hepatitis B will show: _____ ALT & AST Normal or ↑ bilirubin ↑ PT

Answer: Significantly ↑

Flashcard 516: Complications of chronic hepatitis B include _____ which can progress into hepatocellular carcinoma

Answer: cirrhosis

Flashcard 517: _____ is inflammation of the liver caused by infection with the hepatitis B virus; it is the most prevalent hepatitis viral infection

Answer: Hepatitis B

Flashcard 518: Hepatitis B serology: HbsAg _____ Anti-HBs +ve Anti-HBc -ve = previous vaccination

Answer: -ve

Flashcard 519: Hepatitis B serology: HbsAg _____ Anti-HBs -ve Anti-HBc IgG +ve = Chronic hepatitis B

Answer: +ve

Flashcard 520: Hepatitis A clinical features can be split up into phases: _____ Icteric (2 weeks): Jaundice (80%), cholestasis (dark urine & pale stools), pruritus Resolution: Period of recovery up to 6 months

Answer: Prodromal (3-10 days): RUQ pain, flu-like symptoms, nausea & vomiting