Gastroenterology & Hepatology — Flashcards

Flashcard 351: What is the interim management of acute cholecystitis in unstable or clinically deteriorating patients? _____

Answer: Gallbladder draining procedures e.g. percutaneous cholecystostomy

Flashcard 352: _____ are abnormal concretions that form within the gallbladder

Answer: Gallstones

Flashcard 353: Different sub-types of ascites exist: _____ ascites, haemorrhagic ascites, pancreatic ascites

Answer: chylous

Flashcard 354: Investigation of choice for asymptomatic gallstones: _____

Answer: Ultrasonography (USG)

Extra: Asymptomatic gallstones (incidental gallstones) usually require no treatment (Expectant management/Observation). Prophylactic cholecystectomy is only indicated in specific cases (e.g., porcelain gallbladder, stones >3cm, calcified/porcelain gallbladder, or sickle cell anemia).

Flashcard 355: The most common organism implicated in acute cholangitis is _____

Answer: Escherichia coli

Flashcard 356: What is the mainstay management of appendicitis? _____ + administration of IV antibiotics

Answer: Appendicectomy (laparoscopic > open approach)

Flashcard 357: What is the first-line investigation for acute cholecystitis? _____

Answer: RUQ ultrasound!

Flashcard 358: On examination, pain in appendicitis localizes to _____ (tenderness at the junction of the lateral 1/3 and medial 2/3 of a line drawn from the right anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) to the umbilicus).

Answer: McBurney's point

Flashcard 359: What is the management for ascites? _____ Spironolactone monotherapy

Answer: Dietary sodium restriction

Flashcard 360: _____ is the excessive accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity

Answer: Ascites