Endocrine Pharmacology — Flashcards

Flashcard 131: _____ is the only sulfonylurea OHA that can be safely used without dose adjustment even in severe and moderate renal disease.

Answer: Gliquidone

Extra: Gliquidone is unique among sulfonylureas because it is primarily excreted via the bile and feces (approximately 95%), rather than the kidneys. This makes it the only sulfonylurea that can be used safely without dose adjustment even in severe renal impairment. Note: While **Glipizide** is often used in renal failure because its metabolites are inactive, it is still mostly excreted by the kidneys and typically requires cautious monitoring or dose reduction in severe renal disease. Gliquidone is the classic "textbook" answer for this specific property.

Flashcard 132: _____ is a synthetic derivative of 19-nortestosterone used as Add back therapy for Fibroid

Answer: Tibolone

Flashcard 133: In the management of a patient with thyroid storm, _____ is given first, followed by _____ one hour later.

Answer: propylthiouracil (PTU); potassium iodide

Flashcard 134: _____ acts as a cathepsin-K inhibitor which is an enzyme in osteoclast that facilitates bone resorption.

Answer: Odanacatib

Flashcard 135: _____ can cause euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)

Answer: SGLT2 inhibitors::OHA

Flashcard 136: What is the drug of choice for treatment of central precocious puberty? _______

Answer: Leuprolide acetate

Flashcard 137: Drug of choice in nocturnal enuresis is

Answer: Desmopressin

Flashcard 138: Drug of choice for pre-operative medical preparation of a hyperthyroid patient for thyroid surgery to achieve a euthyroid state

Answer: Carbimazole (or Methimazole)

Extra: Antithyroid drugs like Carbimazole or Methimazole are used for 4–6 weeks to render the patient euthyroid before surgery. Lugol's iodine or potassium iodide is typically added 7–10 days pre-operatively to decrease the vascularity and friability of the thyroid gland.

Flashcard 139: Drug of choice for central diabetes insipidus

Answer: Desmopressin

Flashcard 140: Drug of choice for diabetic ketoacidosis to control hyperglycemia is _______ insulin

Answer: Regular insulin