Endocrine Pharmacology — Flashcards

Flashcard 121: Gestrinone is a _____ derivative that can be used for the rx of endometriosis

Answer: 19-nortestosterone

Flashcard 122: _____, an insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) inhibitor, is the first drug approved for the treatment of adults with thyroid eye disease

Answer: Teprotumumab

Flashcard 123: An alternative method to Carbimazole for pre-op preparation is the use of _____ to reduce the clinical manifestations of thyrotoxicosis

Answer: beta-blockers

Flashcard 124: What is the major mechanism of action of emergency contraceptives?_____

Answer: Inhibit or delay ovulation

Flashcard 125: In **congenital hypothyroidism**, Levothyroxine therapy is started immediately after diagnosis at a dose of _____ **mcg/kg** per day

Answer: 10 to 15

Flashcard 126: Chronic _____ disease is an FDA approved indication for growth hormone (GH) therapy.

Answer: kidney

Flashcard 127: Drugs inhibiting the peripheral conversion of T4 to T3 are: _____

Answer: Propylthiouracil (PTU), Glucocorticoids, Propranolol, Amiodarone (Mnemonic: PGPA)

Flashcard 128: _____ is a dual PPAR alpha/gamma agonist.

Answer: Saroglitazar

Flashcard 129: Which **SGLT2 inhibitor** is associated with an increased risk of fractures?

Answer: Canagliflozin

Flashcard 130: _____ is the only sulfonylurea OHA that can be safely used without dose adjustment even in severe and moderate renal disease.

Answer: Gliquidone

Extra: Gliquidone is unique among sulfonylureas because it is primarily excreted via the bile and feces (approximately 95%), rather than the kidneys. This makes it the only sulfonylurea that can be used safely without dose adjustment even in severe renal impairment. Note: While **Glipizide** is often used in renal failure because its metabolites are inactive, it is still mostly excreted by the kidneys and typically requires cautious monitoring or dose reduction in severe renal disease. Gliquidone is the classic "textbook" answer for this specific property.