Infectious Diseases — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: _____ is aka 100 days cough

Answer: pertusis

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Flashcard 2: fully immunised child is who _____

Answer: has take all the vaccines til 1 year of age

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Flashcard 3: HIV progression is _____ in infants and children

Answer: rapid

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Flashcard 4: acellular pertussis vaccine(DTaP) indication is

Answer: severe immunological deficits or progressive neurological dysfunction

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Flashcard 5: rare adverse effect of measles vaccine is _____

Answer: subacute sclerosing pan encephalitis(SSPE)

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Flashcard 6: 2c81993a56154e059965c33d86098fe2-ao-4

Answer: ART(anti retroviral therapy) protocol in children

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Flashcard 7: MC age of presentation of pertusis is _____

Answer: <5 years

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Flashcard 8: measles vaccine in HIV patients should be given at _____ of age

Answer: 6 months

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Flashcard 9: mc feature of measles is _____

Answer: diarrhea

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Flashcard 10: rubella is aka _____

Answer: 3 day measles

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Flashcard 11: 2c81993a56154e059965c33d86098fe2-ao-1

Answer: ART(anti retroviral therapy) protocol in children

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Flashcard 12: a child born to malaria immune mother is immune for _____ of age

Answer: 3-5 months

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Flashcard 13: measles Ig are given within _____ of exposure

Answer: 3-4 days

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Flashcard 14: dose schedule of Hep B vaccine in children is

Answer: 4 dose schedule

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Flashcard 15: 2c81993a56154e059965c33d86098fe2-ao-6

Answer: ART(anti retroviral therapy) protocol in children

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Flashcard 16: 2nd dose of varicella active vaccine is given at _____

Answer: 2 years

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Flashcard 17: dose of rotasil/rotavac vaccine is _____

Answer: 2.5 ml

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Flashcard 18: 2c81993a56154e059965c33d86098fe2-ao-3

Answer: ART(anti retroviral therapy) protocol in children

Extra:  efavirenz is not CI in 3-10 years CI in <3 years tenofovir=CI in <10 yrs and >1.1 creatinine only used in >10 yrs with <1.1 creat lamivudine =no CI zidovudine-CI in anemia abacavir =indicated in anemia <10 yrs 

Flashcard 19: yellow fever vaccine can be given to children  aged >_____

Answer: 9 months

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Flashcard 20: mc age of presentation of diptheria is _____

Answer: 1-5 years

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Flashcard 21: mc complication of measles is _____

Answer: otitis media

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Flashcard 22: yellow fever vaccine is contraindicated in children aged <_____

Answer: 6 months

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Flashcard 23: _____ spots inside mouth are diagnostic of measles

Answer: koplic's

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Flashcard 24: 2c81993a56154e059965c33d86098fe2-ao-5

Answer: ART(anti retroviral therapy) protocol in children

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Flashcard 25: MC cause of death in measles is _____

Answer: severe pneumonia

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Flashcard 26: 2c81993a56154e059965c33d86098fe2-ao-2

Answer: ART(anti retroviral therapy) protocol in children

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Flashcard 27: ratio of anicteric to icteric cased of Hep A in children is _____

Answer: 12:1

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Flashcard 28: 2 doses of mumps vaccine are given at

Answer: 1.1 year 2.4-6 years of age remember large gap

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Flashcard 29: 3 stages of pertusis are

Answer:

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Flashcard 30: _____ and CMV are 2 ToRCHeS infections that are associated with a "blueberry muffin" rash.

Answer: Rubella

Flashcard 31: A mnemonic used to remember the infectious agents which may cross the placenta and cause congenital infection isToRCHeS:_____RubellaCMVHIVHerpes virusSyphilis (treponema pallidum)VZVParvovirus B19*Zika

Answer: Toxoplasmosis

Flashcard 32: Haemophilus influenzae classically causes _____, which can be described as 'cherry-red' on gross appearance

Answer: epiglottitis

Flashcard 33: _____ is due to Clostridium botulinum infection;seen in babies following ingestion of spores in honey.

Answer: Floppy Baby Syndrome

Flashcard 34: The measles rash starts on the _____ and moves down-wards

Answer: face

Flashcard 35: Pastia lines or _____ sign is pathognomonic for scarlet fever

Answer: Thompson's

Flashcard 36: Congenital rubella syndrome is diagnosed by presence of Ig_____ antibodies in the infant shortly after birth or persistence of IgG antibodies for >6 months

Answer: M

Flashcard 37: The _____ of erythema infectiosum develops after the fever (fever/rash)

Answer: rash

Flashcard 38: _____ is the most common cause of febrile seizures in children

Answer: Roseola

Flashcard 39: Scarlet fever can present with a red, swollen, "_____" tongue,pharyngitis, and a diffuse, "sandpaper-like" rash that spares the face

Answer: strawberry

Flashcard 40: _____ causes diaper rash due to the heat and humidity within a baby's diaper

Answer: Candida albicans

Flashcard 41: Sensorineural deafness is a complication of which (4) congenital (ToRCHeS) infections?_____

Answer: CMV

Flashcard 42: _____ Syphilis is characterized by "Saber Shins", with an anterior bowing of the tibia

Answer: Congential

Flashcard 43: A minimum period of _____ weeks course of Nevirapine prophylaxis has to be given to an infant, if the mother has taken ART for less than 4 weeks in the antenatal period and the infant is to be breastfed

Answer: 12

Flashcard 44: The _____ of roseola infection develops after the fever (fever/rash)

Answer: rash

Flashcard 45: _____ syndrome is classically seen in children with E. coli O157:H7 dysentery, which results from exposure to undercooked beef

Answer: Hemolytic uremic

Flashcard 46: The _____ of Roseola lasts 3 - 5 days (duration)

Answer: fever

Flashcard 47: Which two viruses can result in hydrops fetalis?_____

Answer: CMV

Flashcard 48: _____ Syphilis is characterized by 'saddle-shaped' nose

Answer: Congential

Flashcard 49: _____ can result in viral gastroenteritis and ultimately intussusception of the bowel

Answer: Adenovirus

Flashcard 50: What viruses classically cause Reye syndrome when treated with aspirin?_____ and VZV

Answer: Influenza B

Flashcard 51: What are the 4 C's of Measles?_____Coryza (runny/stuffy nose due to inflammation)ConjunctivitisKoplik spots

Answer: Cough

Flashcard 52: _____ is associated with bloody diarrhea, commonly in toddlers (age group)

Answer: Yersinia enterocolitica

Flashcard 53: Severe, permanent symptoms of congenital_____ infection are remembered via the mnemonic MR DICS

Answer: CMV

Flashcard 54: Hutchinson's triad consists of _____ teeth (notched upper incisors) + Interstitial keratitis + sensorineural deafness

Answer: Hutchison s

Flashcard 55: Ulcers at the uvulopalatoglossal junction maybe seen in _____ which are also called Nagayama spots

Answer: Roseola infantum

Flashcard 56: Chlamydia trachomatis serotypes _____ infected neonates can develop neonatal pneumonia, with a characteristic staccato cough and eosino-philia

Answer: D-K

Flashcard 57: _____ prophylactic therapy initiation and early infant diagnosis with use of HIV DNA PCR at 6 weeks after birth, is done according to PPTCT

Answer: Co-trimoxazole

Flashcard 58: _____ triad is seen in congenital syphilis

Answer: Hutchinson's

Flashcard 59: Congenital Rubella infection is characterized by a classic triad of _____, patent ductus arteriosus, and sensorineural deafness

Answer: cataracts

Flashcard 60: Clutton's joint, scaphoid scapula and Sabre shins are seen in _____ syphilis

Answer: congenital

Flashcard 61: Bony nodules on the skull of infants with congenital syphilis, is known as _____ nodes

Answer: Parrot's

Flashcard 62: Hecht's pneumonia, also known as giant cell pneumonia is a fatal but rare complication of _____

Answer: measles

Flashcard 63: _____ is the most common complication that can occur in a child with mumps.

Answer: Meningoencephalitis

Flashcard 64: Most common complication of measles is _____

Answer: acute otitis media

Flashcard 65: Tripod sign is when a child suffering from _____ is asked to sit up unassisted, the child assumes the tripod posture

Answer: poliomeylitis

Flashcard 66: _____ is the most common manifestation of congenital toxoplasmosis.

Answer: Chorioretinitis

Flashcard 67: Which vaccines can be caught-up if at least one dose has been given already before one year of age?_____

Answer: Pentavalent, PCV, IPV and Rotavirus

Flashcard 68: The most common etiological agent, in India, of acute epiglottitis in the pediatric age group, now is _____.

Answer: H. influenzae type B

Flashcard 69: _____ is the most common cause of orbital cellulitis in children.

Answer: Ethmoidal sinusitis (not organism)

Flashcard 70: _____ is the most common manifestation of congenital toxoplasmosis

Answer: Chorioretinitis

Flashcard 71: Children pneumococcal vaccine 2 weeks before splenectomy?_____

Answer: Pneumococcal 7-valent

Flashcard 72: The most common cause of unilateral proptosis in children is _____.

Answer: orbital cellulitis

Flashcard 73: Vesiculobullous lesions are a feature of _____ syphilis

Answer: early congenital

Flashcard 74: The most common infectious etiology for adrenal insufficiency in children is _____

Answer: meningococcemia

Flashcard 75: A patient of dengue hemorrhagic fever can be discharged if the platelet count is >_____/cu.mm

Answer: 50,000

Flashcard 76: Rash of chickenpox is deemed non-contagious after the lesions have _____.

Answer: crusted

Flashcard 77: Infants born to HbsAg-positive mothers should receive _____ immunization at birth

Answer: both active and passive (active/passive)

Flashcard 78: A child born to a mother who was diagnosed to have TB in pregnancy should receive INH prophylaxis for _____ months, provided congenital TB has been ruled out.

Answer: 6

Flashcard 79: What is the upper limit of CD4 count for starting ART in children?_____

Answer: None

Flashcard 80: For diagnosing congenital CMV infection, _____ examination by PCR is the best method

Answer: blood

Flashcard 81: What is the most characteristic finding seen universally in HIV in children?_____

Answer: Failure to thrive

Flashcard 82: What is a common ocular manifestation of whooping cough?_____

Answer: Subconjunctival hemorrhage

Flashcard 83: Most common cause of death in measles is _____

Answer: pneumonia

Flashcard 84: _____ treatment consists of hot moist packs applied to muscles to relieve pain and spasm in poliomyelitis

Answer: Sister Kenny s

Flashcard 85: Gumma on the nasal septum are seen in _____ congenital syphilis

Answer: late

Flashcard 86: In a baby born to an HIV-infected mother, HIV infection is diagnosed using _____ PCR

Answer: HIV DNA

Flashcard 87: Postnatal infections of HSV are more common due to type _____

Answer: 1

Flashcard 88: _____ is the most common complication that can occur in an adolescent with mumps.

Answer: Orchitis/oophoritis

Flashcard 89: Osteomyelitis of the _____ is more often seen in infants and children

Answer: maxilla (facial bone)

Flashcard 90: Interstitial keratitis and Hutchinson's teeth are features of _____ congenital syphilis

Answer: late

Flashcard 91: Kassowitz rule is related to _____ syphilis.

Answer: congenital

Flashcard 92: Toxoplasmosis in children may lead to _____ hydrocephalus

Answer: obstructive

Flashcard 93: In the third stage of erythema infectiosum, also called as the _____ stage, the eruption may recur after exposure to heat when bathing, or sunlight or while crying

Answer: recurring

Flashcard 94: The most common etiological agent, overall in the world, of acute epiglottitis in the pediatric age group, now is _____.

Answer: Streptococcus

Flashcard 95: An infant born to a mother who is newly identified as HIV-positive within _____ weeks of delivery should be considered as high risk.

Answer: 6

Flashcard 96: Infants may develop a symmetrical _____ type of Chik rash and acrocyanosis, when infected with chikungunya

Answer: vesiculobullous

Flashcard 97: Most frequently, the completely affected muscle in polio is _____

Answer: tibialis anterior

Flashcard 98: _____ is associated with post-infectious thrombocytopenia

Answer: Rubella (RNA virus)

Flashcard 99: _____ is the initial investigation of choice in congenital syphilis

Answer: VDRL/RPR

Flashcard 100: Hennebert sign is seen in _____.

Answer: congenital syphilis

Flashcard 101: The four symptoms (4S) screening for TB in children with HIV includes:Current _____FeverWeight loss or failure to gain weightHistory of _____

Answer: cough; contact with a TB case