Cardiology Indian Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Cardiology with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Cardiology Flashcard Deck - 47 Cards
Flashcard 1: D-transposition of great vessels is an example of a _____-to-left shunt
Answer: right
Flashcard 2: Smaller ventricular septal defects are often _____ and may close spontaneously, but on physical exam will present with a murmur
Answer: asymptomatic
Flashcard 3: In ostium _____ ASD defect there is left to right shunting of blood without mitral insufficiency
Answer: secundum
Flashcard 4: Pulmonary atresia results in no flow from _____ to lungs
Answer: right ventricle
Flashcard 5: Ostium _____ is a less common type of atrial septal defect that is associated with Down syndrome
Answer: primum
Flashcard 6: Tricuspid atresia will present with _____ axis deviation with left ventricular hypertrophy
Answer: left
Flashcard 7: _____ is a congenital heart disease that is characterized by: 1. Pulmonary infundibular stenosis 2. Right ventricular hypertrophy 3. Overriding aorta 4. Ventricular septal defect (VSD)
Answer: Tetralogy of Fallot
Flashcard 8: Congenital Rubella is characterized by _____ and/or pulmonary artery stenosis
Answer: patent ductus arteriosus
Flashcard 9: AV (left-to-right) shunting with high output cardiac failure in childhood, presenting with _____, points to the diagnosis of Vein of Galen Malformation
Answer: hydrocephalus
Flashcard 10: Larger ventricular septal defects may lead to left ventricle _____ and, consequently, heart failure
Answer: overload
Flashcard 11: Risk factors for coronary aneurysms in Kawaski's disease, is _____ sex and fever for >14 days
Answer: male
Flashcard 12: Tricuspid atresia is an example of a _____-to-left shunt
Answer: right
Flashcard 13: Turner syndrome is associated with preductal _____, which may present as a femoral pulse less than brachial pulse
Answer: coarctation of the aorta
Flashcard 14: Truncus arteriosus is an example of a _____-to-left shunt
Answer: right
Flashcard 15: The 5 T's of Right-to-Left Shunts1. _____2. Transposition3. Tricuspid atresia4. Tetralogy of Fallot5. TAPVR
Answer: Truncus Arteriosus
Flashcard 16: Treatment for Kawasaki disease includes _____ and IVIG
Answer: aspirin
Flashcard 17: The symptoms of _____ disease may be remembered with the mnemonic "CRASH and burn": C: ConjunctivitisR: Rash (polymorphous -> desquamating)A: Adenopathy (cervical lymph nodes)S: Strawberry tongue (oral mucositis)H: Hand-foot erythema and edema&Burn: Fever
Answer: Kawasaki
Flashcard 18: Tetralogy of Fallot results in a _____-to-left shunt with early cyanosis
Answer: right
Flashcard 19: Patients with Tetralogy of Fallot may _____ in response to cyanotic spells, which decreases right-to-left shunting by increasing systemic vascular resistance (SVR)
Answer: squat
Flashcard 20: Risk factors for coronary aneurysms in Kawaski's disease, is age younger than _____ year or older than 9 years
Answer: 1
Flashcard 21: Cardiac features of Alagille syndrome include peripheral _____ stenosis, TOF, PDA, septal defects and coarctation of aorta
Answer: pulmonic
Flashcard 22: Ventricular septal defect (VSD) results in a _____-to-right shunt
Answer: left
Flashcard 23: What type of VSDs are more likely to close? (muscular/membranous)_____
Answer: Muscular
Flashcard 24: _____ criteria is used to diagnose congenital heart disease in children.
Answer: NADA s
Flashcard 25: Children older than 24 months with a pulmonary to systemic blood flow ratio (or Qp:Qs ratio) of > _____ are advised to get VSDs surgically closed
Answer: 2:1
Flashcard 26: What congenital cardiac anomaly is associated with Char syndrome?_____
Answer: Patent ductus arteriosus
Flashcard 27: Pentalogy of fallot consists of ToF plus _____
Answer: ASD
Flashcard 28: The cut off value for increased QRS duration according to the AHA 2020 Guidelines for Pediatric Management of tachycardia with a pulse is >_____ second
Answer: 0.09
Flashcard 29: In a patient undergoing "tet-spellls", _____ is helpful in preventing collapse of the pulmonary circuit, in case the child is dehydrated
Answer: fluid bolus
Flashcard 30: _____ problems are responsible for the majority of the deaths in infancy and early childhood in Down syndrome
Answer: Cardiac
Flashcard 31: In a patient undergoing "tet-spellls", oxygen therapy and pain and agitation control (morphine) decrease the _____.
Answer: pulmonary vascular resistance
Flashcard 32: What is the most common organ system involved in a fetus who's mother has diabetes?_____
Answer: Cardiovascular
Flashcard 33: In Turner's syndrome, webbing of the neck is associated with a higher risk of _____ anomalies
Answer: cardiac
Flashcard 34: Holt Oram syndrome/cardiac limb syndrome is most commonly associated with which cardiac anomaly?_____
Answer: Atrial septal defect (ASD)
Flashcard 35: _____ is the commonest congenital heart disease
Answer: Ventricular septal defect (VSD)
Flashcard 36: A restrictive VSD is when the size of the defect is usually
Answer: A restrictive VSD is when the size of the defect is usually
Flashcard 37: Most common cyanotic CHD to manifest with cyanosis in a newborn/first week of life, is _____
Answer: ToGA
Flashcard 38: Fetal _____ upper limb is the best area to check preductal O2 saturation in a newborn infant with PDA.
Answer: right
Flashcard 39: What is the JVP finding in TOF?_____
Answer: Large 'a' waves
Flashcard 40: The most specific CVS defects in a child born from pregestational diabetes is _____
Answer: TGA
Flashcard 41: The most common CVS defects in a child born from pregestational diabetes is _____
Answer: VSD
Flashcard 42: _____ is the most common tachydysrhythmia that necessitates treatment in the pediatric patient.
Answer: Supraventricular tachycardia
Flashcard 43: Which teratogenic drug leads to supravalvular aortic stenosis?_____
Answer: Vitamin D
Flashcard 44: Babies with PDA has a _____ pulse pressure
Answer: wide
Flashcard 45: Children with acute Kawasaki disease should be treated with 2g/kg of IVIG and _____-dose aspirin (80-100 mg/kg/day)
Answer: high
Flashcard 46: _____cardiac is most common but _____cardiac is the most dangerous form of TAPVR
Answer: Supra::Supra/Infra; infra::Supra/Infra
Flashcard 47: In Turner's syndrome, webbing of neck is associated with higher risk of _____ anomalies.
Answer: cardiac
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