Myocarditis and Cardiomyopathies — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: The presence or absence of _____ during illness helps decide the duration of secondary prophylaxis in case of Acute Rheumatic Fever

Answer: carditis

Flashcard 2: What is the reason for cardiomegaly in Tetralogy of Fallot (ToF)?

Answer: There is typically **no cardiomegaly** in Tetralogy of Fallot (ToF).

Extra: In ToF, the heart size is characteristically normal, though it has a **'boot-shaped' appearance** (coeur en sabot) on chest X-ray due to right ventricular hypertrophy and a concave pulmonary artery segment.

Flashcard 3: Larger ventricular septal defects may lead to left ventricle _____ and, consequently, heart failure

Answer: overload

Flashcard 4: _____ problems are responsible for the majority of the deaths in infancy and early childhood in Down syndrome

Answer: Cardiac

Flashcard 5: _____ cardiomyopathy may be caused by endocardial fibroelastosis, which is a thick fibroelastic tissue in the endocardium; most commonly affects young children

Answer: Restrictive

Flashcard 6: According to the American Heart Association and European Society of Cardiology, high-risk cardiac lesions (for infective endocarditis prophylaxis) include: _____ cyanotic congenital heart disease, including palliative shunts or conduits.

Answer: Unrepaired

Flashcard 7: Most common congenital heart disease affected by infective endocarditis is _____

Answer: VSD

Flashcard 8: Smaller ventricular septal defects are often _____ and may close spontaneously, but on physical exam will present with a murmur

Answer: asymptomatic

Flashcard 9: D-transposition of great vessels is an example of a _____-to-left shunt

Answer: right

Flashcard 10: Pulmonary atresia results in no flow from _____ to lungs

Answer: right ventricle