Inflammation and Repair — Flashcards
On this page
The histopathological section has giant cells with a central ring of nuclei suggestive of _____
What type of cells are the following examples? _____ ,smooth muscle cells
Hint: Labile, Stable, or Permanent?
Acute inflammation typically results in resolution and healing, which is mediated by _____ and TGF-B
Keloid scars are characterized by very increased type _____ and III collagen synthesis
Silica may impair _____ and disrupt phagolysosome formation, increasing susceptibility to TB
Vitamin D excess is seen in _____ diseases due to increased activation of vitamin D by epithelioid macrophages
_____ -selectin expression is induced by IL-1 and TNF
Lymph node biopsy in _____ disease reveals stellate granulomas resembling those seen in sarcoidosis
_____ necrosis is characteristic of ischemic infarction of any organ except the brain
Chronic disease results in _____ hepcidin release from the liver
Inflammation and Repair Indian Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Inflammation and Repair with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Inflammation and Repair Flashcard Deck - 67 Cards
Flashcard 1: The histopathological section has giant cells with a central ring of nuclei suggestive of _____
Answer: Xanthoma
Flashcard 2: What type of cells are the following examples? _____ ,smooth muscle cells
Answer: Stable (Quiescent)
Flashcard 3: Acute inflammation typically results in resolution and healing, which is mediated by _____ and TGF-B
Answer: IL-10
Flashcard 4: Keloid scars are characterized by very increased type _____ and III collagen synthesis
Answer: I
Flashcard 5: Silica may impair _____ and disrupt phagolysosome formation, increasing susceptibility to TB
Answer: macrophages
Flashcard 6: Vitamin D excess is seen in _____ diseases due to increased activation of vitamin D by epithelioid macrophages
Answer: granulomatous
Flashcard 7: _____ -selectin expression is induced by IL-1 and TNF
Answer: E
Flashcard 8: Lymph node biopsy in _____ disease reveals stellate granulomas resembling those seen in sarcoidosis
Answer: cat scratch
Flashcard 9: _____ necrosis is characteristic of ischemic infarction of any organ except the brain
Answer: Coagulative
Flashcard 10: Chronic disease results in _____ hepcidin release from the liver
Answer: increased
Flashcard 11: _____ and VCAM-1 are cellular adhesion molecules that are upregulated on endothelium during leukocyte adhesion
Answer: ICAM-1
Flashcard 12: Endotoxin present on gram _____ bacteria can cause fever and shock
Answer: negative
Flashcard 13: Chronic inflammation is characterized by the presence of _____, lymphocytes and plasma cells in tissue
Answer: macrophages
Flashcard 14: _____ are collections of epithelioid histiocytes, usually surrounded by giant cells and a rim of lymphocytes
Answer: Granulomas
Flashcard 15: Neutrophil chemotactants include _____, C5a, LTB4, and bacterial products
Answer: IL-8
Flashcard 16: Wound repair eventually results in scar formation, in which type _____ collagen is replaced with type I collagen ("remodeling")
Answer: III
Flashcard 17: During leukocyte rolling, _____ "speed bumps" are upregulated on endothelial cells
Answer: selectin
Flashcard 18: _____ is phagocytosis of apoptotic bodies done by macrophages, epithelial cells, and fibroblast cells.
Answer: Efferocytosis
Flashcard 19: ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression are induced by _____ and IL-1
Answer: TNF
Flashcard 20: Inflammation in the lung normally leads to release of _____ by neutrophils and macrophages
Answer: proteases
Flashcard 21: In the setting of chronic inflammation, macrophages can be activated to M2 macrophages by stimulation from _____ cells, resulting in a antiinflammatory phenotype
Answer: Th2
Flashcard 22: Necroptosis involves 2 unique kinases called _____ and 3
Answer: receptor associated kinase 1
Flashcard 23: Swelling in inflammation is mediated by endothelial cell disruption (due to tissue damage) and endothelial cell contraction (caused by _____, histamine, and serotonin)
Answer: leukotrienes
Flashcard 24: Rheumatoid arthritis is associated with _____, which are areas of fibrinoid necrosis with palisading histiocytes in the skin and visceral organs (e.g. lung)
Answer: rheumatoid nodules
Flashcard 25: The key mediators of redness and warmth in inflammation are _____, prostaglandins, and bradykinin
Answer: histamine
Flashcard 26: Integrin expression is upregulated on leukocytes by _____ and LTB4
Answer: C5a
Flashcard 27: Granulomas due to sarcoidosis often have characteristic _____-shaped inclusions ('asteroid bodies') within giant cells
Answer: stellate
Flashcard 28: Berylliosis is characterized by a _____ histology and therefore is occasionally responsive to treatment with steroids
Answer: granulomatous
Flashcard 29: The pathogenesis of Gout/Pseudogout involves Pattern Recognition Receptors detecting _____ in joints, which in response leads to an inflammatory cascade mediated by IL-1, causing the joint to be invaded by neutrophils
Answer: crystalline deposits (uric acid / calcium pyrophosphate)
Flashcard 30: _____ and serotonin are among the first mediators to be released during inflammation
Answer: Histamine
Flashcard 31: Important neutrophil chemotactants include:a. C5ab. IL-8c. LTB4d. _____e. platelet-activating factor
Answer: kallikrein
Flashcard 32: Wound _____ may occur when there is unusually pronounced MMP activity and myofibroblast accumulation in wound margins
Answer: contractures
Flashcard 33: Fever in inflammation is mediated by release of _____, TNF and IL-6 by macrophages in response to pyrogens (e.g. LPS from bacteria)
Answer: IL-1
Flashcard 34: Acute inflammation arises in response to _____ or tissue necrosis
Answer: infection
Flashcard 35: A _____ lies beneath an intact epidermis and consists of an extravascular collection of blood that has leaked from blood vessels damaged by mechanical impact
Answer: bruise
Flashcard 36: _____ produce major basic protein, which destroys parasites and is responsible for epithelial cell damage in asthma
Answer: Eosinophils
Flashcard 37: In the setting of chronic inflammation, macrophages can be activated to M1 macrophages by stimulation from _____ cells, resulting in a proinflammatory phenotype
Answer: Th1
Flashcard 38: During leukocyte margination, leukocytes marginate from the _____ of flow to the periphery (center or periphery)
Answer: center
Flashcard 39: Toluidine blue is the special stain for _____ cells.
Answer: mast
Flashcard 40: The most common mechanism of vascular leakage in acute inflammation is the _____ of endothelial cells
Answer: contraction
Flashcard 41: In healing by primary intention, the neovascularization peaks on the _____th day
Answer: 5
Flashcard 42: Prominent and numerous tuberculoid granulomas without bacilli seen typically in _____ leprosy
Answer: tuberculoid
Flashcard 43: When excessive amounts of granulation tissue protrude above the level of the surrounding skin and blocks re-epithelialization, the lesion is called as _____
Answer: exuberant granulation
Flashcard 44: _____ is seen in inflammation
Answer: Hyperemia (Hyperemia/Congestion)
Flashcard 45: Are hair follicles demonstratable in the walls of the pilonidal sinus?_____
Answer: No
Flashcard 46: Which chemokines cause activation and chemotaxis of neutrophils (limited activity on monocytes and eosinophils)?_____
Answer: C-X-C chemokines
Flashcard 47: Exudation and pus formation is seen in the stage of _____ of ASOM
Answer: suppuration
Flashcard 48: The term '_____ phagocytosis' refers to release of large amounts of lysosomal contents in the external environment due to the inability of the phagocytes to engulf
Answer: frustrated
Flashcard 49: _____ acute-phase reactants decrease during inflammatory process
Answer: Negative
Flashcard 50: Irritating effects of smoke cause _____ of the epithelial lining
Answer: swelling
Flashcard 51: Collagenase and gelatinase are a part of _____ granules of neutrophils.
Answer: secondary (specific)
Flashcard 52: In Acute _____ type of tonsillitis, tonsil substance is affected
Answer: parenchymatous
Flashcard 53: Mucosal plaques in malakoplakia are composed of large, foamy _____ mixed with occasional multinucleate giant cells and lymphocytes
Answer: macrophages
Flashcard 54: Stellate granuloma is seen in _____ disease.
Answer: Cat-scratch
Flashcard 55: Early-onset paraplegia in spinal TB occurs when edema, abscess or _____ tissue causes spinal cord compression
Answer: granulation
Flashcard 56: In Acute _____ type of tonsillitis, infection spreads into the crypts which become filled with purulent material, presenting at the openings of crypts as yellowish spots
Answer: follicular
Flashcard 57: _____ is a type of chronic granulomatous cystitis which occurs due to defective phagocytosis
Answer: Malakoplakia
Flashcard 58: Pyroptosis is mediated via the _____ complex
Answer: inflammasome
Flashcard 59: Histologically acute gastritis will show the presence of _____ above the basement membrane in direct contact with epithelial cells
Answer: neutrophils
Flashcard 60: Which chemokines generally attract monocytes, eosinophils, basophils, and lymphocytes, but are not potent chemoattractants for neutrophils?_____
Answer: C-C chemokines
Flashcard 61: A bruise develops a brown color in 4-5 days due to the pigment _____.
Answer: hemosiderin
Flashcard 62: _____ granulomas are non-caseating granulomas minimally surrounded by lymphocytes.
Answer: Naked
Flashcard 63: _____ are involved in the recognition and clearance of necrotic cells.
Answer: Inflammasomes
Flashcard 64: Neutrophil extracellular traps require _____ in initial step of forming the dense network of nuclear chromatin
Answer: ROS
Flashcard 65: Increased vascular permeability in Acute inflammation is seen in the _____
Answer: post-capillary venules::Vessel
Flashcard 66: _____ is a caspase-independent pathway.
Answer: Necroptosis
Flashcard 67: The underlying abnormality of keloid scars is the excessive accumulation of _____ with hypervascularity.
Answer: collagen
Keywords: Inflammation and Repair flashcards, medical flashcards, NEET PG preparation, USMLE Step 1 flashcards, Anki alternative, spaced repetition medical, OnCourse flashcards
Study by Chapter
Acute Inflammation: Vascular Events
Flashcards
Acute Inflammation: Cellular Events
Flashcards
Chemical Mediators of Inflammation
Flashcards
Chronic Inflammation
Flashcards
Granulomatous Inflammation
Flashcards
Systemic Effects of Inflammation
Flashcards
Wound Healing
Flashcards
Tissue Regeneration
Flashcards
Fibrosis and Repair
Flashcards
Resolution of Inflammation
Flashcards
Want unlimited flashcards?
Get full access to all flashcards, spaced repetition, and progress tracking.
Start For Free