Clinical Manifestations and Presentation of Diseases — Flashcards

Flashcard 51: Roth spots are retinal hemorrhages with a white center, usually seen in conditions that predispose to _____ formation.

Answer: microemboli

Extra: Roth spots consist of a central fibrin-platelet thrombus surrounded by hemorrhage. While classically associated with **Infective Endocarditis**, they can also be seen in leukemia, diabetes, and severe anemia.

Flashcard 52: _____ is the most common cause of hypercalcemia in hospitalized patients.

Answer: Cancer

Flashcard 53: Patients with acute sarcoidosis may typically present with _____ syndrome, consisting of a triad of erythema nodosum, bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, and polyarthritis (symmetrical).

Answer: Löfgren syndrome

Flashcard 54: Pinch Purpura is diagnostic of _____

Answer: Primary Systemic Amyloidosis

Flashcard 55: Orthostatic hypotension (postural hypotension) is defined as a sustained drop in systolic BP of ≥ _____ mmHg or diastolic BP of ≥ _____ mmHg within _____ minutes of standing.

Answer: 20; 10; 3