Clinical Manifestations and Presentation of Diseases — Flashcards

Flashcard 31: Pulmonary hypertension may present with exertional _____ and right-sided heart failure

Answer: dyspnea

Flashcard 32: Hepatitis _____ virus can present similar to serum sickness, with fever, rash and arthralgias

Answer: B

Flashcard 33: Viral hepatitis is associated with _____ urine urobilinogen

Answer: increased

Extra: In hepatocellular jaundice (e.g., viral hepatitis), damaged hepatocytes are less efficient at re-excreting urobilinogen back into the bile after it is reabsorbed from the gut. This results in increased levels of urobilinogen in the systemic circulation and subsequently the urine. **Key Laboratory Differentiation:** - **Hemolytic Jaundice:** ↑ Urine urobilinogen; Absent urine bilirubin. - **Hepatocellular Jaundice:** ↑ Urine urobilinogen; ↑ Urine bilirubin. - **Obstructive Jaundice:** ↓/Absent urine urobilinogen; ↑ Urine bilirubin.

Flashcard 34: Rhabdomyolysis is most common caused by a _____ injury or strenuous exercise

Answer: crush

Flashcard 35: _____ pleural effusion is characterized by low protein content

Answer: Transudative

Flashcard 36: Acanthosis nigricans and it is commonly associated with _____ carcinoma, lung carcinoma, and uterine carcinoma.

Answer: gastric

Flashcard 37: What nail findings are associated with hepatic failure, diabetes mellitus, CHF, hyperthyroidism, and malnutrition?_____

Answer: Terry's nails

Flashcard 38: The most ominous manifestation of Scleroderma is _____.

Answer: malignant hypertension

Flashcard 39: Lactic acidosis type _____ is seen without anaerobic state, due to drug use, drug toxicity or DM, renal failure etc.

Answer: B

Flashcard 40: The first step in diagnosing a suspected inflammatory myopathy (e.g., dermatomyositis) is _____ levels

Answer: serum creatine kinase