Pigmentary Disorders Indian Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Pigmentary Disorders with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Pigmentary Disorders Flashcard Deck - 50 Cards
Flashcard 1: Freckles or ephelis are produced due to increased _____ production by melanocytes on exposure to UV rays
Answer: melanin
Flashcard 2: Poor prognostic factors for Vitiligo:Positive family history_____ vitiligoLesions over bony prominencesLeukotrichiaKoebner's/Isomorphic phenomenonNonsegmental vitiligo
Answer: Mucosal
Flashcard 3: _____ is a mask-like hyperpigmentation of the cheeks associated with pregnancy and OCPs
Answer: Chloasma
Flashcard 4: Freckles are common in Type _____ and Type 2 skin types of Fitzpatrick Classification
Answer: 1
Flashcard 5: _____ is described as a yellowish hue to the skin secondary to -carotene accumulations: seen in hypothyroidism
Answer: Aurantiasis cutis
Flashcard 6: Kligman's triple combination consists of topical _____ + tretinoin + corticosteroid compound cream
Answer: hydroquinone
Flashcard 7: _____ Koebner phenomenon is seen in spontaneous repigmentation of vitiligo patches distant from the autologous skin graft sites, and with granuloma annulare
Answer: Remote reverse
Flashcard 8: Piebaldism is characterised by _____-defined irregular hypopigmented macules with an absence of melanocytes.
Answer: well
Flashcard 9: Becker's nevus presents with a triad of hyper_____, hypertrichosis and acne
Answer: pigmentation
Flashcard 10: _____ is characterised by absence of neuropsychiatric manifestations with albinism
Answer: Oculocutaneous albinism
Flashcard 11: Peutz-Jeghers-Touraine syndrome presents with _____ of the buccal mucosa and digits with lentigenes of the lips of early onset
Answer: melanocytic macules
Flashcard 12: _____ are an increased proliferation of melanocytes that are associated with aging and increased exposure to the sun
Answer: Solar lentigines
Flashcard 13: Albinism is associated with a _____ melanocyte count with decreased melanin production
Answer: normal
Flashcard 14: _____ naevus is an epidermal melanocytic naevus, which presents around adolesence due to increased sensitivity to androgens
Answer: Becker's
Flashcard 15: For diagnosing neurofibromatosis, the Caf- au- lait macules should be >_____ mm in prepubertal and >15 mm in postpubertal individuals
Answer: 5
Flashcard 16: Chemical leukoderma due to Synthetic leather, rubber slippers, latex condoms, rubber gloves is due to the presence of compound _____
Answer: Mono-benzyl ether of Hydroquinone (MBH)
Flashcard 17: Incontinentia pigmenti (also known as Bloch-Sulzberger syndrome) occurs due to loss-of-function mutation of _____ gene
Answer: IKBKG
Flashcard 18: Majority of cases of vitiligo becomes apparent between the age of _____ years.
Answer: 20 and 30
Flashcard 19: Chemical leukoderma due to hair dyes is due to the presence of compound _____
Answer: p-Phenylenediamine (PPD)
Flashcard 20: The blue-grey coloration of Mongolian spots is due to _____ of melanocytes within the deep dermis
Answer: arrested migration
Flashcard 21: _____ disease is characterized by a lacy or net-like (reticulate) pattern of hyperpigmentation, particularly in the flexural areas
Answer: Dowling-Degos
Flashcard 22: Bindi leukoderma is caused by _____ present in adhesive sticker bindi.
Answer: para-tertiary butylphenol (PTBP) (compound)
Flashcard 23: Chemical leukoderma due to alta (red colour like henna) is due to the presence of compound _____
Answer: Crocein scarlet MOO and solvent yellow 3 (azo dyes)
Flashcard 24: Hyperpigmented stage of incontinentia pigmenti has an obvious linear pattern following _____ lines.
Answer: Blaschko s
Flashcard 25: What is the treatment of choice for nevus of ota?_____
Answer: Pigment targeting Q switched laser
Flashcard 26: _____dermal melasma -appears slightly grey or bluish on gross examination and shows less color contrast with Wood s lamp
Answer:
Flashcard 27: Freckles or ephelis are produced due to increased _____ production by melanocytes on exposure to UV rays
Answer: melanin
Flashcard 28: On rubbing the lesion, Nevus _____ becomes red in colour
Answer: depigmentosus
Flashcard 29: Wood's lamp examination of vitiligo will show _____ inflorescence
Answer: milky-white
Flashcard 30: Piebaldism is often associated with a V-shaped _____ on mid-forehead.
Answer: leucoderma
Flashcard 31: _____ maybe seen in lichen planus as the melanin from epidermis gradually moves into the dermis as a result of degeneration of keratinocytes
Answer: Pigmentary incontinence
Flashcard 32: Which disease presents with hyperpigmented atrophic macules on the hand dorsa and pits on the palms and soles with abnormal dermatoglyphics?_____
Answer: Reticulate acropigmentation of Kitamura
Flashcard 33: _____dermal melasma -appears light brown and shows enhanced color contrast with Wood s lamp
Answer: Epi
Flashcard 34: What is the most frequent form of diffuse hypopigmentation worldwide?_____
Answer: Oculocutaneous albinism
Flashcard 35: Hypomelanosis of Ito is seen as cutaneous macular hypopigmented whorls, streaks and patches, corresponding to the lines of _____
Answer: Blaschko
Flashcard 36: First-line treatment for freckles is the use of a _____.
Answer: broad-spectrum sunscreen
Flashcard 37: Naevus of Ota is an extensive, _____, patchy, dermal melanocytosis
Answer: bluish (colour)
Flashcard 38: Nevus of _____ presents as a unilateral blue-greyish hyperpigmented macule, commonly in Chinese or Japanese.
Answer: Ito
Flashcard 39: Caf- au- lait macules in neurofibromatosis usually spare the _____
Answer: face
Flashcard 40: Hypopigmentation with perifollicular pigmentary retention (hyperpigmentation), also known as "salt and pepper" skin pigmentation is seen in _____
Answer: systemic sclerosis (connective tissue disorder)
Flashcard 41: Drug induced hypermelanosis is a localised or generalised hyperpigmentation that _____ necessarily occur at the same site with reintroduction of drug
Answer: does not (does/does not)
Flashcard 42: Nevus of ota is a proliferation of melanocytes (dermal melanocytosis), producing blue sclera due to _____ effect
Answer: tyndall
Flashcard 43: What is the treatment of choice for nevus of ito?_____
Answer: Pigment targeting Q switched laser
Flashcard 44: Under Wood's lamp examination, lesions of vitiligo show a _____ fluorescence
Answer: ivory/milky white
Flashcard 45: What is the first line treatment of melasma?_____
Answer: Kligman's triple combination
Flashcard 46: Nevus of _____ affects acromioclavicular region and upper chest
Answer: Ito
Flashcard 47: Females are affected _____ commonly by nevus of ota than males
Answer: more
Flashcard 48: Which type of melasma is more resistant to treatment?_____
Answer: Dermal
Flashcard 49: _____ is the hypopigmentation seen in secondary syphilis after the copper-red rash fades away
Answer: Leukoderma syphiliticum
Flashcard 50: White _____ is a common feature in Piebaldism.
Answer: forelock
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