Question 1

Q: Mycetoma, a chronic, specific, granulomatous, destructive disease involving the skin and subcutaneous tissue:

may be caused by fungi or bacteria. ***may be caused by fungi or bacteria*** - Mycetoma can be caused by either **eumycetes (true fungi)**, leading to **eumycetoma**, or by certain **aerobic actinomycetes (bacteria)**, resulting in **actinomycetoma** [1]. - Both forms present with similar clinical features, including **granulomatous inflammation** and the formation of **grains** or granules. *involves the superficial structure only* - Mycetoma is characterized by its **destructive nature**, progressively involving **deep tissues** like fascia, muscle, and even bone, not just superficial structures [1]. - The disease often leads to **deformity** and **loss of function** due to deep tissue invasion. *frequently causes trophic changes* - While mycetoma leads to significant tissue destruction and deformity, **trophic changes** (e.g., changes in skin, hair, and nails due to nerve damage) are not its primary or most characteristic feature. - The main complications are related to **tissue destruction**, **secondary infections**, and **amputation**. *is a blood-borne infection* - Mycetoma is acquired through **traumatic inoculation** of the causative organism into the skin, typically via thorns or splinters. - It is a **localized infection** and does not spread via the bloodstream; systemic dissemination is very rare. [Practice more Microbiology PYQs on OnCourse]

Question

Mycetoma, a chronic, specific, granulomatous, destructive disease involving the skin and subcutaneous tissue:

Accepted Answer

may be caused by fungi or bacteria

Answer

involves the superficial structure only

Answer

frequently causes trophic changes

Answer

is a blood-borne infection

UPSC-CMS 2022 — Microbiology