Renal Pathology Practice Questions

Q: The gross appearance of the kidney shown below is most compatible with which of the following conditions?

Chronic pyelonephritis. ***Chronic pyelonephritis*** - Shows characteristic **irregular cortical scarring** with **calyceal blunting and clubbing** due to recurrent infections. - Results in a **contracted, asymmetrically scarred kidney** with loss of renal parenchyma and distorted collecting system. *Cystic renal dysplasia* - Presents with **multiple cysts** of varying sizes replacing normal renal architecture from birth. - Shows **immature tubular structures** and **primitive mesenchyme** rather than inflammatory scarring. *Acute pyelonephritis* - Kidney appears **swollen and edematous** with **microabscesses** on the cortical surface. - Shows **acute inflammatory changes** without the chronic scarring and contraction seen here. *Acute glomerulonephritis* - Presents with **enlarged, edematous kidneys** with a **smooth cortical surface**. - Shows **red-brown discoloration** due to glomerular inflammation, not cortical scarring or calyceal changes.

Question 1

Which of the following is associated with the amyloid pattern seen in hemodialysis?

Accepted Answer

Beta-2-macroglobulin

Answer

AA amyloid

Answer

ATTR amyloid

Answer

AL amyloid

Question 2

Type I membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis is commonly associated with all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Partial lipodystrophy

Answer

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

Answer

Persistent hepatitis C infections

Answer

Neoplastic diseases

Question 3

Hypocomplementemia is seen in which of the following conditions?

Accepted Answer

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS)

Answer

Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN)

Answer

Membranous nephropathy (MN)

Answer

Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) and Infective endocarditis

Question 4

In Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, what is the characteristic feature?

Accepted Answer

Thickening and splitting of capillary basement membrane

Answer

Nil lesion

Answer

Mesangial cell proliferation

Answer

Fibrin cap

Question 5

Which of the following is associated with Von Brunn's nests?

Accepted Answer

Normal urothelium

Answer

Transitional cell carcinoma

Answer

Squamous cell carcinoma

Answer

Adenocarcinoma

Question 6

Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) occurs in which of the following conditions?

Accepted Answer

Diabetic nephropathy

Answer

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

Answer

Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis

Answer

Goodpasture syndrome

Question 7

Broad casts are typically seen in cases of:

Accepted Answer

Advanced renal failure

Answer

Hypotension

Answer

Severe hydronephrosis

Answer

Renal papillary necrosis

Question 8

A 68-year-old man presents for repair of an abdominal aortic aneurysm. Severe complicated atherosclerosis is noted at surgery, prompting concern for embolism of atheromatous material to the kidneys and other organs. If the patient were to develop a renal cortical infarct as a result of surgery, which of the following would be the most likely outcome?

Accepted Answer

Scar formation

Answer

Chronic inflammation

Answer

Granulomatous inflammation

Answer

Hemangioma formation

Question 9

The gross appearance of the kidney shown below is most compatible with which of the following conditions?

Accepted Answer

Chronic pyelonephritis

Answer

Cystic renal dysplasia

Answer

Acute pyelonephritis

Answer

Acute glomerulonephritis

Question 10

Goodpasture's syndrome is characterized by which of the following findings?

Accepted Answer

Renal failure with lung hemorrhage

Answer

Renal failure with brain hemorrhage

Answer

Renal hemorrhage

Answer

Renal failure

Renal Pathology — MCQs

Renal Pathology — MCQs

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