Renal Pathology — MCQs

Histologic sections of a kidney reveal patchy necrosis of epithelial cells of both the proximal and distal tubules with flattening of the epithelial cells, rupture of the basement membrane (tubulorrhexis), and marked interstitial edema. Acute inflammatory cells are not seen. What is the best diagnosis?

In which of the following conditions are bilateral contracted kidneys characteristically seen?

Which of the following drugs is a common cause of drug-induced interstitial nephritis?

Diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis in lupus nephritis falls under which class?

What are the characteristic kidney changes seen in multiple myeloma?

A 36-year-old woman presents with increased malaise for 3 weeks and oliguria (<500 mL/day) for the past 4 days. On examination, her blood pressure is 170/112 mm Hg and she has peripheral edema. Urinalysis shows protein 1+ and hematuria (3+), with no glucose or ketones. Urine microscopy reveals RBCs and RBC casts. Her serum urea nitrogen is 39 mg/dL, and creatinine is 4.3 mg/dL. Serum complement levels (C1q, C3, and C4) are decreased. Renal biopsy with immunofluorescence microscopy shows a granular pattern of staining with antibody to C3. Which of the following types of hypersensitivity reactions is most likely causing her renal disease?

What is the cause of edema in glomerulonephritis?

In tubular necrosis, what is the typical ratio of urine to plasma creatinine?

Which of the following is FALSE about Alport syndrome?

A 29-year-old woman presents with a 3-day history of fever and sore throat. On examination, her temperature is 38°C. The pharynx is erythematous with yellowish tonsillar exudate. She is treated with ampicillin and recovers fully in 7 days. Two weeks later, she develops fever and a rash, with a slight decrease in urinary output. Her temperature is 37.7°C, and she has a diffuse erythematous rash on her trunk and extremities. Urinalysis shows pH 6, specific gravity 1.022, 1+ proteinuria, 1+ hematuria, and no glucose or ketones. Microscopic examination of the urine shows RBCs and WBCs, including eosinophils, but no casts or crystals. What is the most likely cause of her disease?