Under the Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan, the beneficiaries are being provided with a minimum package of antenatal care including certain investigations and drugs on a fixed day of every month. Which day of the month is specified for this purpose?
Q372
Which of the following strategies were encouraged by the UNICEF under its 'GOBI Campaign'?
I. G for growth charts to better monitor child development
II. O for oral rehydration to treat all mild and moderate dehydration
III. B for better and continuous evaluation of children up to 5 years of age
IV. I for immunization against measles, diphtheria, polio, pertussis, tetanus and tuberculosis
Select the correct answer using the code given below :
Q373
Consider the following statements with regard to Home Based Newborn Care (HBNC) :
I. Early detection and special care of pre-term newborns is one of the major objectives of HBNC.
II. ANM is the main person involved in the delivery of HBNC.
III. Supporting the family for adoption of healthy practices helps achieve the key objectives of HBNC.
IV. The primary aim of HBNC is to improve newborn survival.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
Q374
The mother of a 14-month-old normally developing baby comes to you for feeding advice. Which of the following would be appropriate for her as per the IMNCI (Integrated Management of Neonatal and Childhood Illness) Program?
I. Breastfeed as often as the child wants
II. Keep the child in your lap and feed with your own hands
III. Offer food from the family pot
IV. Give 3 to 4 meals each day
Select the correct answer using the code given below :
Q375
Which of the following are included as a "Deficiency" under the Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK) ?
I. Hypothyroidism
II. Vitamin A deficiency
III. Anemia
IV. Vitamin D deficiency
Select the correct answer using the code given below :
Q376
Consider the following statements:
Statement-I: While calculating the number of expected pregnancies per year in an area, a correction factor (usually 10%) is added to the expected number of live births in the year in the area.
Statement-II: All the pregnancies in the area may not be registered by the health worker in the area. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
Q377
All of the following are dashboard indicators used for monitoring of India Newborn Action Plan (INAP). Which one of them is an impact level indicator ?
Q378
Which of the following are beneficiaries of services provided under the Integrated Child Development Scheme (ICDS) ?
1. Adolescent boys
2. Adolescent girls
3. Pregnant women
4. Children less than 6 years of age
Select the correct answer using the code given below :
Q379
The expected outcome of Government of India's initiative 'SUMAN' is :
Q380
Injectable medroxyprogesterone IP 150 mg/mL contraceptive injection is available in Family Health Programme of the Government of India under the name
Maternal and Child Health Indian Medical PG Practice Questions and MCQs
Question 371: Under the Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan, the beneficiaries are being provided with a minimum package of antenatal care including certain investigations and drugs on a fixed day of every month. Which day of the month is specified for this purpose?
A. 1st day of the month
B. 9th day of the month (Correct Answer)
C. 7th day of the month
D. 15th day of the month
Explanation: ***9th day of the month***
- The **Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan (PMSMA)** specifies the **9th of every month** as the day for providing comprehensive antenatal care to pregnant women.
- This fixed day ensures that women can reliably access free antenatal health check-ups and necessary services.
*1st day of the month*
- The 1st day of the month is not designated for the PMSMA check-ups; a specific date was chosen to streamline the program's implementation.
- While other health initiatives may occur on the 1st, **antenatal care under PMSMA** is not among them.
*7th day of the month*
- The 7th day of the month is not the designated date for the **PMSMA antenatal care package**.
- No specific national maternal health program utilizes the 7th day for regular check-ups.
*15th day of the month*
- The PMSMA program does not specify the 15th day for its antenatal care services; the focus is on a consistent, predictable schedule for beneficiaries.
- While mid-month check-ups are generally important, this specific initiative uses a distinct date.
Question 372: Which of the following strategies were encouraged by the UNICEF under its 'GOBI Campaign'?
I. G for growth charts to better monitor child development
II. O for oral rehydration to treat all mild and moderate dehydration
III. B for better and continuous evaluation of children up to 5 years of age
IV. I for immunization against measles, diphtheria, polio, pertussis, tetanus and tuberculosis
Select the correct answer using the code given below :
A. I, III and IV
B. I, II and IV (Correct Answer)
C. I, II and III
D. II, III and IV
Explanation: ***I, II and IV***
- The **GOBI campaign** by UNICEF stands for Growth monitoring, Oral rehydration, Breastfeeding, and Immunization.
- Option I (**Growth charts**) and Option IV (**Immunization**) are direct components of the GOBI strategy; Option II (**Oral rehydration**) is also a key part of the strategy, as its second letter 'O' refers to Oral Rehydration.
*I, III and IV*
- This option incorrectly includes "better and continuous evaluation of children up to 5 years of age" as part of the GOBI campaign, which, while important child health practice, was not a direct component of the acronym.
- The 'B' in GOBI specifically stands for **Breastfeeding**, not "better and continuous evaluation," making option III incorrect.
*I, II and III*
- This option incorrectly includes the detailed interpretation of 'B' as "better and continuous evaluation of children up to 5 years of age."
- The actual 'B' in GOBI represents **Breastfeeding**, a crucial intervention for child health and nutrition.
*II, III and IV*
- This option omits "I. G for **growth charts to better monitor child development**," which is a fundamental component of the GOBI strategy (the 'G' in GOBI).
- It also incorrectly interprets 'B' as "better and continuous evaluation," instead of **Breastfeeding**.
Question 373: Consider the following statements with regard to Home Based Newborn Care (HBNC) :
I. Early detection and special care of pre-term newborns is one of the major objectives of HBNC.
II. ANM is the main person involved in the delivery of HBNC.
III. Supporting the family for adoption of healthy practices helps achieve the key objectives of HBNC.
IV. The primary aim of HBNC is to improve newborn survival.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
A. I, III and IV only (Correct Answer)
B. I and II only
C. I, II, III and IV
D. II and III only
Explanation: ***I, III and IV only***
- **Statement I is CORRECT**: Early detection and special care of **pre-term and low birth weight newborns** is a major objective of HBNC, as preterm birth is a significant risk factor for neonatal morbidity and mortality.
- **Statement III is CORRECT**: Supporting families in adopting **healthy practices** like optimal breastfeeding, cord care, thermal regulation, and recognition of danger signs is fundamental to achieving HBNC objectives.
- **Statement IV is CORRECT**: The **primary aim of HBNC** is to **improve newborn survival** and reduce neonatal mortality by ensuring essential healthcare services reach every newborn through home visits.
- **Statement II is INCORRECT**: **ASHA workers** are the main persons involved in delivering HBNC through home visits (minimum 6 visits for institutional deliveries, more for home deliveries). ANMs provide **supervisory support** but are NOT the primary service deliverers.
*I and II only*
- Incorrect because statement II is false - **ASHA workers**, not ANMs, are the primary HBNC service providers.
*I, II, III and IV*
- Incorrect because statement II is false - ANMs supervise HBNC but **ASHA workers** conduct the actual home visits and deliver care.
*II and III only*
- Incorrect because statement II is false, and statements I and IV (which are correct) are excluded from this option.
Question 374: The mother of a 14-month-old normally developing baby comes to you for feeding advice. Which of the following would be appropriate for her as per the IMNCI (Integrated Management of Neonatal and Childhood Illness) Program?
I. Breastfeed as often as the child wants
II. Keep the child in your lap and feed with your own hands
III. Offer food from the family pot
IV. Give 3 to 4 meals each day
Select the correct answer using the code given below :
A. II, III and IV
B. I, II and IV
C. I, II and III
D. I, III and IV (Correct Answer)
Explanation: ***I, III and IV***
- The IMNCI guidelines recommend continuing **breastfeeding on demand** up to two years of age or beyond, as it remains an important source of nutrients and immunity for the child.
- Feeding from the **family pot** ensures the child is exposed to a variety of foods and is integrated into family eating patterns, and 3-4 meals per day is appropriate for a 14-month-old, providing adequate energy and nutrients.
*II, III and IV*
- While feeding from the family pot and 3-4 meals per day are correct, the recommendation to keep the child in the lap and feed with one's own hands is not universally applicable or the sole recommended method; promoting responsive feeding involves observing and responding to the child's cues.
- The IMNCI guidelines emphasize **responsive feeding practices** where the caregiver observes and responds to the child's hunger and satiety cues rather than a specific physical feeding method.
*I, II and IV*
- Continuing breastfeeding and providing 3-4 meals per day are correct, but feeding with one's own hands in the lap is not a primary IMNCI guideline for feeding practices, which instead focuses on the quality of food and responsive feeding.
- **Offering food from the family pot** is a crucial IMNCI recommendation to ensure dietary diversity and integration into family meals, which is missing from this option.
*I, II and III*
- While continuing breastfeeding and feeding from the family pot are correct, the explicit instruction to "keep the child in your lap and feed with your own hands" is not a central or universally emphasized IMNCI guideline in the same way as responsive feeding and dietary diversity.
- The number of meals per day (3-4) is an important practical aspect of feeding a 14-month-old, which is excluded from this option, making it incomplete.
Question 375: Which of the following are included as a "Deficiency" under the Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK) ?
I. Hypothyroidism
II. Vitamin A deficiency
III. Anemia
IV. Vitamin D deficiency
Select the correct answer using the code given below :
A. I, III and IV
B. I, II and IV
C. II, III and IV (Correct Answer)
D. I, II and III
Explanation: ***II, III and IV***
- The **Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK)** focuses on early identification and management of health conditions in children from birth to 18 years through the **"4Ds" framework**: Defects at birth, Deficiencies, Diseases, and Development delays.
- Under **"Deficiencies"**, RBSK specifically includes:
- **Vitamin A deficiency** - Causes night blindness and increased infection risk
- **Anemia** - Commonly due to iron, folate, or B12 deficiency
- **Vitamin D deficiency** - Leads to rickets and bone health issues
- **Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM)**
- **Hypothyroidism** is classified under **"Diseases"** (along with diabetes, rheumatic heart disease, etc.), NOT deficiencies, making it incorrect for this question.
*I, III and IV*
- This option incorrectly includes **Hypothyroidism** as a deficiency, when it is actually classified under **"Diseases"** in the RBSK framework.
- While Anemia (III) and Vitamin D deficiency (IV) are correctly identified as deficiencies, the inclusion of Hypothyroidism makes this option incorrect.
*I, II and IV*
- This option incorrectly includes **Hypothyroidism**, which falls under **"Diseases"** rather than deficiencies.
- Although Vitamin A deficiency (II) and Vitamin D deficiency (IV) are correct deficiencies, the inclusion of Hypothyroidism disqualifies this option.
*I, II and III*
- This option incorrectly includes **Hypothyroidism** as a deficiency. RBSK categorizes endocrine disorders like hypothyroidism under **"Diseases"**.
- While Vitamin A deficiency (II) and Anemia (III) are correctly identified as deficiencies, the inclusion of Hypothyroidism makes this option inaccurate.
Question 376: Consider the following statements:
Statement-I: While calculating the number of expected pregnancies per year in an area, a correction factor (usually 10%) is added to the expected number of live births in the year in the area.
Statement-II: All the pregnancies in the area may not be registered by the health worker in the area. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
A. Statement-II is incorrect but Statement-I is correct.
B. Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect.
C. Statement-I and Statement-II are independently correct, and Statement-II is a correct explanation for Statement-I.
D. Statement-I and Statement-II are independently correct, but Statement-II is not a correct explanation for Statement-I. (Correct Answer)
Explanation: ***Statement-I and Statement-II are independently correct, but Statement-II is not a correct explanation for Statement-I.***
- Statement-I is correct because a **10% correction factor** is added to expected live births to calculate expected pregnancies in an area.
- The **primary reason** for this correction factor is to account for **pregnancy wastage** (spontaneous abortions, induced abortions, stillbirths) that do not result in live births.
- Statement-II is also correct as **under-registration of pregnancies** is a real challenge in health surveillance systems.
- However, Statement-II does **NOT correctly explain** Statement-I because the correction factor is primarily meant to account for **pregnancy outcomes that don't lead to live births**, not for under-registration issues.
- Under-registration would require a different type of adjustment in the surveillance system, not the correction factor applied to convert live births to expected pregnancies.
*Statement-I and Statement-II are independently correct, and Statement-II is a correct explanation for Statement-I.*
- While both statements are correct, Statement-II is **not the correct explanation** for Statement-I.
- The correction factor exists primarily to account for **pregnancy wastage** (miscarriages, abortions, stillbirths), not for under-registration of pregnancies.
- Under-registration is a separate data quality issue that affects the accuracy of all health statistics.
*Statement-II is incorrect but Statement-I is correct.*
- Statement-II is **correct** as incomplete registration of pregnancies is a well-documented challenge in community health programs.
- Therefore, this option is incorrect.
*Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect.*
- Statement-II is **correct** as under-registration of pregnancies does occur in health surveillance systems.
- Therefore, this option is incorrect.
Question 377: All of the following are dashboard indicators used for monitoring of India Newborn Action Plan (INAP). Which one of them is an impact level indicator ?
A. Neonatal mortality rate (Correct Answer)
B. Caesarean section rate
C. Percentage of preterm births
D. Exclusive breastfeeding rate
Explanation: ***Neonatal mortality rate***
- This is a key **impact indicator** because it directly measures the ultimate outcome of newborn health interventions: the reduction of deaths in the neonatal period.
- Changes in the neonatal mortality rate reflect the overall effectiveness of programs aimed at improving newborn survival.
*Caesarean section rate*
- This is typically an **outcome or process indicator**, reflecting healthcare service delivery and utilization rather than the direct impact on newborn survival.
- While relevant to maternal and newborn health, it doesn't directly measure newborn mortality or morbidity as an outcome.
*Percentage of preterm births*
- This is an **intermediate outcome indicator** or a **risk factor indicator**, as preterm birth is a major cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity.
- While crucial for monitoring, it is a determinant of neonatal mortality rather than the direct impact itself.
*Exclusive breastfeeding rate*
- This is generally a **process indicator** or a **behavioral indicator**, reflecting the adoption of a recommended practice that supports newborn health.
- While exclusive breastfeeding positively impacts newborn survival, the rate itself is not an impact measure of mortality reduction.
Question 378: Which of the following are beneficiaries of services provided under the Integrated Child Development Scheme (ICDS) ?
1. Adolescent boys
2. Adolescent girls
3. Pregnant women
4. Children less than 6 years of age
Select the correct answer using the code given below :
A. 2, 3 and 4 (Correct Answer)
B. 1, 2 and 3
C. 1, 3 and 4
D. 1, 2 and 4
Explanation: ***2, 3 and 4***
- The **Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS)** scheme specifically targets **adolescent girls (11-14 years)**, **pregnant women**, and **children under 6 years of age** as primary beneficiaries.
- Services include **supplementary nutrition**, **immunization**, **health check-ups**, **referral services**, **nutrition and health education**, and **pre-school education**.
- Adolescent girls were included through the **Scheme for Adolescent Girls (SAG)** to address their nutritional and health needs during the critical growth phase.
*1, 2 and 3*
- Incorrectly includes **adolescent boys**, who are not primary beneficiaries of ICDS.
- The scheme focuses on vulnerable groups with specific nutritional and reproductive health needs.
*1, 3 and 4*
- Incorrectly includes **adolescent boys** while excluding **adolescent girls**.
- Omits **pregnant women**, who are a core beneficiary group receiving antenatal care and nutritional support.
*1, 2 and 4*
- Incorrectly includes **adolescent boys**.
- Omits **pregnant women**, who receive crucial services including antenatal care, nutritional supplementation, and health education through ICDS.
Question 379: The expected outcome of Government of India's initiative 'SUMAN' is :
A. Limit preventable maternal and newborn deaths to between 1 - 2%
B. Limit preventable maternal and newborn deaths to between 2 - 5%
C. Zero preventable maternal and newborn deaths (Correct Answer)
D. Limit preventable maternal and newborn deaths to between 0.5 - 1%
Explanation: ***Zero preventable maternal and newborn deaths***
- The **SUMAN (Surakshit Matritva Aashwasan)** initiative aims to provide assured, dignified, and quality healthcare at no cost to every woman and newborn visiting a public health facility.
- The ultimate goal of this comprehensive program is to eradicate all **preventable maternal and newborn deaths**, ensuring healthy outcomes for both mother and child.
*Limit preventable maternal and newborn deaths to between 1 - 2%*
- This percentage represents a reduction target, but not the ultimate aspirational goal of the SUMAN initiative.
- The initiative's design emphasizes achieving a state where no preventable deaths occur, rather than settling for a small percentage.
*Limit preventable maternal and newborn deaths to between 2 - 5%*
- This range of preventable deaths is too high to be considered the desired outcome of such a comprehensive maternal and child health program.
- The SUMAN initiative strives for maximum safety and care, making even 2% to 5% an unacceptable target for preventable deaths.
*Limit preventable maternal and newborn deaths to between 0.5 - 1%*
- While a very low percentage, this still implies that some preventable deaths would be acceptable, which contradicts the core principle of the SUMAN initiative.
- The program's foundational premise is that all preventable deaths should be eliminated through quality care and intervention.
Question 380: Injectable medroxyprogesterone IP 150 mg/mL contraceptive injection is available in Family Health Programme of the Government of India under the name
A. Saheli
B. Sahiba
C. Sayana Press
D. Antara (Correct Answer)
Explanation: ***Antara***
- **Antara** is the brand name under which the **injectable contraceptive medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA)**, 150 mg/mL, is available in the Family Health Programme of the Government of India.
- It is a **long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARC)** providing contraception for three months with a single injection.
*Saheli*
- **Saheli** is the brand name for **Centchroman (Ormeloxifene)**, a non-steroidal oral contraceptive pill used once a week in India.
- It is **not an injectable contraceptive** and has a different mechanism of action than medroxyprogesterone.
*Sahiba*
- **Sahiba** is not a recognized brand name for a contraceptive product available within the Indian Government's Family Health Programme.
- This option is a **distractor** and does not correspond to any known contraceptive.
*Sayana Press*
- **Sayana Press** is a brand name for **depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) subcutaneous injection**, often used in self-administration programs in some countries.
- While it contains MPA, the specific program and formulation mentioned in the question (150 mg/mL intramuscular) under the Indian Government's FHP is represented by **Antara**.
