Surface and Radiological Anatomy — MCQs

Q: CT scan of the abdomen at the level of the twelfth thoracic vertebra in a patient. Which structure provides an attachment of the suspensory muscle of the duodenum (ligament of Treitz)? Please refer to the provided image.

Structure B. ***Structure B*** - The **suspensory muscle of the duodenum (ligament of Treitz)** originates from the right crus of the diaphragm, which is represented by **Structure B** in the image. - This ligament plays a crucial role in supporting the **duodenojejunal flexure** and aiding in the passage of food. *Structure A* - **Structure A** points to the **spinal cord**, which is part of the central nervous system and does not provide an attachment point for the ligament of Treitz. *Structure C* - **Structure C** indicates the **aorta**, the main artery of the body, located anterior to the vertebrae. - While the aorta is a major abdominal structure, it is not directly involved in the attachment of the ligament of Treitz. *Structure D* - **Structure D** points to a portion of the **kidney**, an organ of the urinary system. - The kidneys are located retroperitoneally and are not associated with the suspensory muscle of the duodenum.

Q: Choose the appropriate lettered structure in this MRI scan showing a transaxial section through the head. Which structure is formed by the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone, vomer, and septal cartilage?

A. ***Option A - Nasal Septum (Correct)*** - Structure A points to the **nasal septum**, which is comprised of the **perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone** (superiorly), the **vomer** (inferiorly), and the **septal cartilage** (anteriorly). - These three components form the central partition dividing the nasal cavity into two halves. - This directly matches the anatomical description in the question stem. *Option B - Inferior Nasal Concha (Incorrect)* - Structure B points to the **inferior nasal concha** (turbinate), a paired bone that extends horizontally along the lateral wall of the nasal cavity. - Its primary role is to filter, warm, and humidify inspired air. - It is not part of the nasal septum but rather projects from the lateral nasal wall. *Option C - Maxillary Sinuses (Incorrect)* - Structure C points to the **maxillary sinuses**, which are air-filled cavities located within the body of the maxilla. - These are the largest of the paranasal sinuses and are separate from the nasal septum. - They communicate with the nasal cavity but are not structural components of the septum. *Option D - Orbit (Incorrect)* - Structure D points to the **orbit**, which houses the eye and its associated structures. - The orbit is a bony cavity formed by multiple bones and is distinct from the nasal cavity and its septal structure. - It has no contribution to the nasal septum formation.

Practice by Chapter

Surface Landmarks of the Head and Neck

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Surface Landmarks of the Thorax

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Surface Landmarks of the Abdomen

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Surface Landmarks of the Limbs

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Radiographic Anatomy

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CT Anatomy

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MRI Anatomy

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Ultrasonographic Anatomy

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Angiographic Anatomy

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Sectional and Cross-sectional Anatomy

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Anatomical Correlations in Common Imaging

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Interventional Radiological Anatomy

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