UPSC-CMS 2023 - Forensic Medicine PYQs Practice Questions

Q: Which of the following insecticides is a natural contact poison?

Rotenone. ***Rotenone*** - **Rotenone** is a naturally occurring plant-derived insecticide, traditionally used as a **contact poison** and **stomach poison**. - It is effective against a broad spectrum of insects and works by inhibiting **electron transport** in the mitochondria, disrupting cellular respiration. *Propoxur* - **Propoxur** is a **synthetic carbamate insecticide**, not a natural one. - It acts primarily as a **cholinesterase inhibitor**, interfering with nervous system function. *Carbaryl* - **Carbaryl** is a **synthetic carbamate insecticide**, derived from carbamic acid, not a natural product. - Its mechanism of action involves **reversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase**, leading to nerve overstimulation. *Lindane* - **Lindane** is an **organochlorine insecticide**, which is a synthetic compound, not naturally occurring. - It acts as a **neurotoxin**, primarily by interfering with **GABA-gated chloride channels** in the insect's nervous system. [Practice more Forensic Medicine PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: Exposure to gases is a common hazard in industries. The gases can be classified as simple asphyxiants, chemical asphyxiants and anaesthetic gases. Which among the following are chemical asphyxiating gases ? 1. Carbon monoxide 2. Chloroform 3. Cyanide gas 4. Hydrogen Select the correct answer using the code given below :

1 and 3. ***1 and 3*** - Both **carbon monoxide** and **cyanide gas** are classic examples of chemical asphyxiants. - They interfere with the body's ability to utilize oxygen, leading to **cellular hypoxia** despite adequate tissue perfusion. *2 and 4* - **Chloroform** is an anesthetic and hepatotoxin, not primarily an asphyxiant. - **Hydrogen** is a simple asphyxiant but does not have the chemical asphyxiant properties of carbon monoxide or cyanide. *1 and 4* - While **carbon monoxide** is a chemical asphyxiant, **hydrogen** is a simple asphyxiant that displaces oxygen without directly interfering with cellular respiration. - The question implies a focus on gases that chemically interfere with oxygen utilization. *2 and 3* - **Cyanide gas** is an asphyxiant, but **chloroform** is an anesthetic and can cause central nervous system depression and organ toxicity. - Chloroform's mechanism of action is distinct from the cellular hypoxia caused by asphyxiants. [Practice more Forensic Medicine PYQs on OnCourse]

Question 1

Which of the following insecticides is a natural contact poison?

Accepted Answer

Rotenone

Answer

Propoxur

Answer

Carbaryl

Answer

Lindane

Question 2

Exposure to gases is a common hazard in industries. The gases can be classified as simple asphyxiants, chemical asphyxiants and anaesthetic gases. Which among the following are chemical asphyxiating gases ?

1. Carbon monoxide

2. Chloroform

3. Cyanide gas

4. Hydrogen

Select the correct answer using the code given below :

Accepted Answer

1 and 3

Answer

2 and 4

Answer

1 and 4

Answer

2 and 3

UPSC-CMS 2023 — Forensic Medicine