UPSC-CMS 2023 - Community Medicine Practice Questions

Q: Which among the following vaccines best represent interventions that focus on cancer prevention too ? 1. Hepatitis A vaccine 2. Hepatitis B vaccine 3. Hemophilus influenzae B vaccine 4. Human papilloma virus vaccine Select the correct answer using the code given below :

2 and 4. ***2 and 4*** - The **Hepatitis B vaccine** prevents **Hepatitis B virus (HBV)** infection, which is a major risk factor for developing **hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)**, a type of liver cancer. Vaccination significantly reduces the incidence of HBV-related liver cancer. - The **Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine** protects against high-risk HPV types, which are responsible for almost all cases of **cervical cancer**, as well as many cases of anal, oropharyngeal, vaginal, and penile cancers. - Both vaccines directly prevent cancer by preventing the viral infections that cause these malignancies. *1 and 4* - The **Hepatitis A vaccine** prevents **Hepatitis A virus (HAV)** infection, which causes acute liver inflammation but is **not associated with chronic liver disease or liver cancer**. - While the **HPV vaccine** indeed prevents cancer, the inclusion of Hepatitis A vaccine makes this option incorrect for cancer prevention. *2 and 3* - The **Hepatitis B vaccine** effectively prevents liver cancer by preventing HBV infection. - The **Hemophilus influenzae B (Hib) vaccine** prevents serious infections caused by *Haemophilus influenzae* type b, such as meningitis and epiglottitis, but it has **no direct role in cancer prevention**. *1 and 2* - The **Hepatitis A vaccine** prevents HAV infection but **does not prevent cancer**. - While the **Hepatitis B vaccine** effectively prevents liver cancer, the inclusion of Hepatitis A vaccine makes this option incomplete for the best representation of cancer prevention interventions.

Question 1

Which among the following vaccines best represent interventions that focus on cancer prevention too ?

1. Hepatitis A vaccine
2. Hepatitis B vaccine
3. Hemophilus influenzae B vaccine
4. Human papilloma virus vaccine

Select the correct answer using the code given below :

Accepted Answer

2 and 4

Answer

1 and 4

Answer

2 and 3

Answer

1 and 2

Question 2

Consider the following statements:

Statement-I: While calculating the number of expected pregnancies per year in an area, a correction factor (usually 10%) is added to the expected number of live births in the year in the area.

Statement-II: All the pregnancies in the area may not be registered by the health worker in the area. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

Accepted Answer

Statement-I and Statement-II are independently correct, but Statement-II is not a correct explanation for Statement-I.

Answer

Statement-II is incorrect but Statement-I is correct.

Answer

Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect.

Answer

Statement-I and Statement-II are independently correct, and Statement-II is a correct explanation for Statement-I.

UPSC-CMS 2023 — Community Medicine