NEET-PG 2024

354 Questions — Page 36 of 36

All (354)Anatomy (23)Anatomy (3)Anesthesiology (7)Behavioral Science (1)Biochemistry (20)Biochemistry (2)Biostatistics (4)Community Medicine (19)Dermatology (11)Diagnosis (3)ENT (8)Forensic Medicine (11)Internal Medicine (25)Internal Medicine (28)Microbiology (15)OB/GYN (16)Obstetrics and Gynecology (14)Ophthalmology (9)Orthopaedics (10)Pathology (16)Pediatrics (18)Pediatrics (1)Pharmacology (1)Pharmacology (36)Physiology (9)Psychiatry (6)Radiology (14)Surgery (24)

Anatomy

1 questions

Q351

The Image shows the growth curve of different organs with age. Identify A in the graph.

NEET-PG 2024 - Anatomy NEET-PG Practice Questions and MCQs

Question 351: The Image shows the growth curve of different organs with age. Identify A in the graph.

A. Brain Growth
B. Somatic Growth
C. Lymphoid Growth (Correct Answer)
D. Gonadal Growth
E. Reproductive Growth

Explanation: ***Lymphoid Growth*** - Curve 'A' shows a rapid increase in size during **childhood**, peaking around **10-12 years of age**, and then declining to adult levels. - This pattern is characteristic of **lymphoid tissues** (e.g., thymus, lymph nodes, tonsils), which are larger relative to body size in childhood and undergo involution post-puberty. *Brain Growth* - **Neural growth** (like the brain) typically shows very rapid growth in early childhood, reaching close to adult size by about 6-7 years of age, and then leveling off. - Curve 'A' continues to grow rapidly much longer than expected for brain development and then shows a distinct decline. *Somatic Growth* - **General somatic growth** (e.g., body as a whole) shows a sigmoid curve, with rapid growth in infancy and adolescence, and a plateau in adulthood. - Curve 'A' peaks significantly above the 100% mark and then declines, which is not characteristic of overall somatic growth. *Gonadal Growth* - **Genital (gonadal) growth** remains relatively flat until puberty, after which it experiences a rapid increase. - Curve 'A' shows significant growth in early childhood and a peak before puberty, which is inconsistent with typical gonadal development. *Reproductive Growth* - **Reproductive growth** follows the same pattern as gonadal growth, remaining minimal until puberty with subsequent rapid increase. - Curve 'A' demonstrates early childhood growth and pre-pubertal peak, which does not match the reproductive growth pattern.

Internal Medicine

1 questions

Q351

A 45-year-old male presents to the emergency department following a motor vehicle accident. He complains of severe chest pain and difficulty breathing. On examination, he appears distressed, with a respiratory rate of 28 breaths per minute. His oxygen saturation is 88% on room air. There is visible bruising on the chest, X-ray is done which is shown below. Which of the following is seen in this patient?

NEET-PG 2024 - Internal Medicine NEET-PG Practice Questions and MCQs

Question 351: A 45-year-old male presents to the emergency department following a motor vehicle accident. He complains of severe chest pain and difficulty breathing. On examination, he appears distressed, with a respiratory rate of 28 breaths per minute. His oxygen saturation is 88% on room air. There is visible bruising on the chest, X-ray is done which is shown below. Which of the following is seen in this patient?

A. Kussmaul breathing
B. Paradisical breathing
C. Apneustic breathing
D. Bronchial breathing (Correct Answer)

Explanation: ***Bronchial breathing*** - The provided image is a chest X-ray. The question describes a patient with severe chest pain, difficulty breathing, hypoxemia, and visible chest bruising after a motor vehicle accident, which suggests **pulmonary contusion** or **pneumonia**. - In such conditions, **bronchial breathing** might be heard on auscultation due to consolidation or compression of lung tissue. The X-ray shows diffuse infiltrates or opacities indicative of lung injury, making bronchial breathing a plausible physical exam finding. *Kussmaul breathing* - This is a pattern of **deep and labored breathing** associated with severe **metabolic acidosis**, particularly diabetic ketoacidosis. - While the patient is in distress, the chest X-ray and accident history point to acute respiratory injury rather than metabolic acidosis as the primary cause. *Paradisical breathing* - This term is **not a recognized medical breathing pattern**. It appears to be a distracter. - Medical terminology for breathing patterns includes terms like Kussmaul, Cheyne-Stokes, Biot's, etc. *Apneustic breathing* - Characterized by **prolonged inspiratory pauses** followed by short exhalations, indicating severe damage to the **pons (brainstem)**. - This breathing pattern is typically seen with neurological insults like stroke or severe head injury, which is not directly indicated by the information given, although a head injury could theoretically occur in a MVC, it's not the primary finding for the presented complaints and X-ray.

Obstetrics and Gynecology

1 questions

Q351

Identify the maneuver shown in the image:

NEET-PG 2024 - Obstetrics and Gynecology NEET-PG Practice Questions and MCQs

Question 351: Identify the maneuver shown in the image:

A. Burn Marshall
B. Lovset
C. Mauriceau-Smellie-Veit (Correct Answer)
D. None of the options

Explanation: ***Mauriceau-Smellie-Veit*** - This maneuver is used for **head delivery in a breech presentation**, where the fetus's body is supported while pressure is applied to the maxilla or mandible to flex the head. - The image typically shows the operator's hand supporting the fetus's body and fingers placed on the fetal jaw to facilitate head flexion and delivery. *Burn Marshall* - The Burn Marshall maneuver involves **delivering the fetal head by applying suprapubic pressure** to the maternal abdomen while the fetal body is gently swept upwards over the maternal abdomen. - This maneuver is generally used for a **spontaneous breech delivery** if the head does not deliver easily after the body. *Lovset* - The Lovset maneuver is employed to **deliver the fetal shoulders** in a breech presentation by rotating the fetal trunk to bring the anterior shoulder under the pubic arch and then the posterior shoulder. - This maneuver aims to extract the shoulders sequentially, which might be necessary if they are impacted. *None of the options* - The visual representation aligns with the steps of the Mauriceau-Smellie-Veit maneuver, making this option incorrect. - This maneuver is clearly depicted by the hand placement and objective of aiding head delivery in breech.

Surgery

1 questions

Q351

A patient presents with an umbilical mass, which was previously reducible but has now become irreducible with discharge coming out, as shown in the image. What is the most appropriate management?

NEET-PG 2024 - Surgery NEET-PG Practice Questions and MCQs

Question 351: A patient presents with an umbilical mass, which was previously reducible but has now become irreducible with discharge coming out, as shown in the image. What is the most appropriate management?

A. Umbilical excision
B. Umbilical excision with mesh hernioplasty (Correct Answer)
C. Mesh hernioplasty
D. Conservative

Explanation: ***Umbilical excision with mesh hernioplasty*** - The presence of an **irreducible umbilical mass with discharge** indicates a complicated umbilical hernia, likely with **incarceration, strangulation, or infection**. - Management requires **excision of compromised tissue** (umbilicus and surrounding necrotic/infected skin) followed by **hernia defect repair**. - **Mesh hernioplasty** provides strong, durable reinforcement and prevents recurrence. - **Note:** In heavily contaminated fields, primary tissue repair or biologic mesh may be preferred over synthetic mesh, or staged repair may be considered. However, if contamination is minimal after debridement, mesh repair can be performed in the same setting. *Umbilical excision* - While **excision of the compromised umbilical skin and necrotic tissue** is necessary due to the discharge (suggesting infection or necrosis), **excision alone does not address the underlying hernia defect**. - Simply excising the umbilicus without repairing the hernia would lead to **persistent hernia or recurrence**. *Mesh hernioplasty* - A mesh hernioplasty alone is appropriate for **uncomplicated, reducible umbilical hernias** to reinforce the abdominal wall. - However, it **does not account for the irreducibility and skin changes/discharge**, which necessitate **excision of potentially infected or necrotic tissue** first. - Placing mesh without addressing the compromised tissue would risk ongoing infection and mesh complications. *Conservative* - **Conservative management** is reserved for **asymptomatic, reducible umbilical hernias** in adults (especially if small) or for infants where spontaneous closure can occur. - An **irreducible mass with discharge** signifies an **acute surgical emergency** (incarceration, strangulation, or infection) requiring **urgent surgical intervention**, not observation.

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