NEET-PG 2020 - Anatomy PYQs Practice Questions

Q: Which arch artery contributes to the formation of the aortic arch that influences the course of the left recurrent laryngeal nerve?

4th arch. ***4th arch*** - The **left fourth aortic arch artery** gives rise to the **aortic arch** distal to the origin of the left subclavian artery. - The left recurrent laryngeal nerve hooks around the **ductus arteriosus** (a remnant of the 6th arch artery) and the aortic arch, making its course dependent on the development of the 4th aortic arch [1]. *3rd arch* - The **third aortic arch arteries** primarily contribute to the formation of the common carotid arteries and the proximal part of the internal carotid arteries. - These arteries are located superior to the structures that influence the recurrent laryngeal nerve's path. *5th arch* - The **fifth aortic arch arteries** are **rudimentary** or absent in humans. - They do not significantly contribute to the formation of major arterial structures in the adult, nor do they influence the recurrent laryngeal nerve. *2nd arch* - The **second aortic arch arteries** give rise to the stapedial arteries, which usually regress. - They are not involved in the formation of the great vessels in the mediastinum or the course of the recurrent laryngeal nerve. [Practice more Anatomy PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: Identify the type of cartilage shown in the image.

Fibrocartilage. ***Fibrocartilage*** - The image displays **chondrocytes** arranged in rows between bundles of **collagen fibers**, characteristic of fibrocartilage. This structure provides high tensile strength and shock absorption. - Unlike other cartilage types, fibrocartilage lacks a distinct perichondrium and is found in structures requiring extreme strength, such as intervertebral discs and menisci. *Hyaline cartilage* - Hyaline cartilage has an amorphous, **glassy matrix** with chondrocytes typically arranged in small groups (isogenous groups) within lacunae, without prominent collagen bundles. - It is found in articular surfaces, tracheal rings, and the costal cartilages, providing smooth, low-friction surfaces. *Elastic cartilage* - Elastic cartilage is characterized by a high concentration of **elastic fibers** within its matrix, giving it flexibility and resilience. - Chondrocytes are typically scattered and the matrix stains darker due to the elastic fibers, which are not apparent in the image. *Dense connective tissue* - While dense connective tissue contains abundant **collagen fibers**, it lacks chondrocytes in lacunae, instead containing fibroblasts. - The presence of chondrocytes in the image confirms this is cartilage, not dense connective tissue. [Practice more Anatomy PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: The image shows a highlighted region on the dorsal aspect of the hand (anatomical snuffbox). Which of the following anatomical structures form the boundaries or floor of this region?

All of the above anatomical structures.. ***All of the above anatomical structures.*** - The image highlights the **anatomical snuffbox**, a triangular depression on the radial dorsal aspect of the hand. Its boundaries are formed by the tendons of the **extensor pollicis longus muscle** (ulnar side), and the **abductor pollicis longus** and **extensor pollicis brevis muscles** (radial side). - The **styloid process of the radius** forms the floor of the anatomical snuffbox along with the scaphoid and trapezium bones. All the options listed are key anatomical features associated with this region. *Extensor pollicis longus muscle.* - This muscle forms the **ulnar (medial) border** of the anatomical snuffbox. - Its tendon can be palpated during **thumb extension** and contributes to the overall structure of the highlighted area. *Abductor pollicis longus muscle.* - This muscle, along with the extensor pollicis brevis, forms the **radial (lateral) border** of the anatomical snuffbox. - Its tendon is visible and palpable on the radial side of the highlighted region when the thumb is abducted. *Styloid process of the radius.* - This bony prominence is located at the **distal end of the radius** on the radial side of the wrist. - It forms part of the **proximal floor** of the anatomical snuffbox, contributing to its definition. [Practice more Anatomy PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: The patient is presenting with pain around the base of the thumb. Which tendons are likely involved?

APL & EPB. ***APL & EPB*** - Pain around the base of the thumb, especially with movement, is characteristic of De Quervain's tenosynovitis [1]. This condition involves the **abductor pollicis longus (APL)** and **extensor pollicis brevis (EPB)** tendons [1]. - These two tendons share a common synovial sheath as they pass through the first dorsal compartment of the wrist, making them susceptible to inflammation and friction [1]. *APB & EPL* - **APB (Abductor Pollicis Brevis)** is an intrinsic hand muscle found in the thenar eminence, primarily involved in thumb abduction, and is not typically associated with De Quervain's tenosynovitis. - **EPL (Extensor Pollicis Longus)** is part of the third dorsal compartment and its tendon crosses over the other thumb tendons, and is not inflamed in De Quervain's tenosynovitis. *APB & EPB* - As mentioned, **APB (Abductor Pollicis Brevis)** is an intrinsic hand muscle, not involved in De Quervain's tenosynovitis. - While **EPB (Extensor Pollicis Brevis)** is involved, its combination with APB incorrectly identifies the primary tendons affected in the first dorsal compartment. *APL & EPL* - **APL (Abductor Pollicis Longus)** is one of the correct tendons involved. - **EPL (Extensor Pollicis Longus)** belongs to the third dorsal compartment of the wrist and is not typically affected in De Quervain's tenosynovitis, differentiating it from the tendons in the first dorsal compartment [1]. [Practice more Anatomy PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: Tumour of the uncinate process of the pancreas will compress which artery

Superior mesenteric artery. ***Superior mesenteric artery*** - The **uncinate process** forms the lower and medial part of the head of the pancreas, hooking around and behind the **superior mesenteric vessels**. - A tumor in this region would therefore almost immediately compress the **superior mesenteric artery** and vein due to its close anatomical relationship. *Splenic artery* - The **splenic artery** runs along the superior border of the pancreas, primarily associated with the body and tail. - A tumor in the **uncinate process** (part of the head) would be anatomically distant from the splenic artery, making compression unlikely. *Inferior mesenteric artery* - The **inferior mesenteric artery** arises from the aorta much lower than the pancreas, typically at the L3 vertebral level. - Its anatomical position makes it spatially separated from the uncinate process of the pancreas, so compression is not expected. *Common hepatic artery* - The **common hepatic artery** runs anterior to the portal vein and to the left of the bile duct, supplying the liver. - It is located superior to the head of the pancreas and away from the uncinate process, hence not typically affected by tumors in that specific pancreatic region. [Practice more Anatomy PYQs on OnCourse]

Question 1

Which arch artery contributes to the formation of the aortic arch that influences the course of the left recurrent laryngeal nerve?

Accepted Answer

4th arch

Answer

3rd arch

Answer

5th arch

Answer

2nd arch

Question 2

Identify the type of cartilage shown in the image.

Accepted Answer

Fibrocartilage

Answer

Hyaline cartilage

Answer

Elastic cartilage

Answer

Dense connective tissue

Question 3

The image shows a highlighted region on the dorsal aspect of the hand (anatomical snuffbox). Which of the following anatomical structures form the boundaries or floor of this region?

Accepted Answer

All of the above anatomical structures.

Answer

Abductor pollicis longus muscle.

Answer

Styloid process of the radius.

Answer

Extensor pollicis longus muscle.

Question 4

The patient is presenting with pain around the base of the thumb. Which tendons are likely involved?

Accepted Answer

APL & EPB

Answer

APB & EPL

Answer

APB & EPB

Answer

APL & EPL

Question 5

Tumour of the uncinate process of the pancreas will compress which artery

Accepted Answer

Superior mesenteric artery

Answer

Inferior mesenteric artery

Answer

Common hepatic artery

Answer

Splenic artery

Question 6

Which of the following is a remnant of the Wolffian duct in females?

Accepted Answer

Gartner’s cyst

Answer

Pouch of Douglas

Answer

Uterovesical pouch

Answer

Broad ligament

Question 7

Identify the type of joint in the image provided.

Accepted Answer

Synovial joint

Answer

Syndesmosis

Answer

Synarthrosis

Answer

Symphysis

Question 8

Stimulation of the external auditory canal leads to cough due to which nerve?

Accepted Answer

Auricular branch of vagus

Answer

Greater auricular nerve

Answer

Auriculotemporal nerve

Answer

Facial Nerve

Question 9

The upward extension of thyroid swelling is prevented by which of the following structures

Accepted Answer

Pretracheal fascia

Answer

Sternothyroid

Answer

Thyrohyoid membrane

Answer

Ligament of berry

Question 10

Episiotomy incision was extended posteriorly beyond perineal body injuring the structure immediately posterior to it. Which structure has been injured?

Accepted Answer

External anal sphincter

Answer

Ischiocavernosus

Answer

Urethral sphincter

Answer

Bulbospongiosus

NEET-PG 2020 — Anatomy