Question 1: Identify the bone numbered in the X-ray that most commonly fractures when a person falls on outstretched hands.
- A. Distal radius (Correct Answer)
- B. Scaphoid
- C. Lunate
- D. Capitate
Explanation: ***Distal radius***
- The **distal radius** is the bone most frequently fractured when a person falls on an **outstretched hand**. This is commonly known as a **Colles fracture** if the fragment is displaced dorsally.
- The force of impact is transmitted directly to the distal end of the radius, making it susceptible to fracture, especially in cases of **osteoporosis**.
*Scaphoid*
- The **scaphoid** bone is also commonly fractured with a fall on an outstretched hand, but it is less frequent than the distal radius.
- A scaphoid fracture is concerning due to its **precarious blood supply**, which can lead to **avascular necrosis** and non-union.
*Lunate*
- The **lunate** bone is centrally located in the wrist and is less commonly fractured but can be dislocated or injured in high-impact trauma.
- Injuries to the lunate are often associated with **perilunate dislocations**, which are severe wrist injuries.
*Capitate*
- The **capitate** is the largest carpal bone, located in the center of the wrist, and is rarely fractured in isolation from a fall on an outstretched hand.
- Fractures of the capitate are often associated with more extensive carpal injuries due to its robust nature and central, protected position.
