NEET-PG 2015 - Anatomy PYQs Practice Questions

Q: Which carpal bone does not articulate with the radius?

Pisiform. ***Pisiform*** - The **pisiform** is a sesamoid bone located within the tendon of the **flexor carpi ulnaris** muscle. - It articulates only with the **triquetrum**, not directly with the radius. *Scaphoid* - The **scaphoid** is one of the carpal bones that directly articulates with the radius, forming part of the **radiocarpal joint**. - It is located in the **proximal row** of carpal bones on the lateral side. *Lunate* - The **lunate** is another bone in the proximal carpal row that articulates directly with the **radius**, alongside the scaphoid. - It plays a crucial role in wrist movement and stability. *Triquetrum* - The **triquetrum** is a carpal bone in the proximal row, located medially. - Although it is in the proximal row, it primarily articulates with the **ulnar articular disc** (triangular fibrocartilage complex), which separates it from the distal ulna, and does not directly articulate with the radius. [Practice more Anatomy PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: Posterior cardinal veins develop into:

Common iliac vein. ***Common iliac vein*** - The **posterior cardinal veins** are paired primitive veins in the embryo that drain the caudal body. - The **caudal portions** of the posterior cardinal veins persist and directly form the **common iliac veins** and contribute to the internal iliac veins [1]. - This is the **primary and most direct derivative** of the posterior cardinal veins, making it the best answer. *Azygos vein* - The **azygos vein** develops from the **right supracardinal vein** + **cranial portion of the right posterior cardinal vein**. - While posterior cardinal veins do contribute to its formation, this is not the primary derivative. - The middle portions of posterior cardinal veins regress, and the supracardinal contribution is more significant. *Hemiazygos vein* - The **hemiazygos vein** is derived from the **left supracardinal vein** + **cranial portion of the left posterior cardinal vein**. - Similar to the azygos, posterior cardinal veins contribute but are not the primary source. - The supracardinal vein provides the major contribution. *Parts of inferior vena cava* - The **IVC** forms from multiple embryonic veins: right vitelline vein (hepatic segment), right subcardinal vein (renal segment), right supracardinal vein (infrarenal segment), and hepatic veins. - While the common iliac veins (derived from posterior cardinal veins) drain into the IVC, the posterior cardinal veins themselves do **not directly form the IVC proper**. - The posterior cardinal veins largely regress in their middle portions. [Practice more Anatomy PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: Which of the following statements about the adductors of the thigh is correct?

Adductor brevis is the shortest adductor muscle. ***Adductor brevis is the shortest adductor muscle*** - The **adductor brevis** is the shortest muscle among the adductor group in the thigh. - The three main adductors by size: **adductor magnus** (longest and largest) > **adductor longus** (intermediate) > **adductor brevis** (shortest). - Adductor brevis lies deep to pectineus and adductor longus, and plays a key role in **thigh adduction**. *The ischial head of adductor magnus is not an adductor muscle.* - The **ischial/hamstring part of adductor magnus** does contribute to adduction despite its primary action being hip extension like other hamstrings. - It also acts on the **hip joint** to extend the thigh, but its adductor action is functionally important. *The main blood supply to the adductors is from the profunda femoris artery.* - While the **profunda femoris artery (deep femoral artery)** supplies the posterior and lateral compartments of the thigh, the adductors primarily receive blood from the **obturator artery** and branches of the femoral artery. - The **obturator artery** is specifically known for supplying the adductor muscles of the medial compartment. *The adductor magnus is the largest muscle in the thigh.* - The **adductor magnus** is the largest muscle in the adductor group, but not the largest muscle in the entire thigh. - The **quadriceps femoris group** (vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, and rectus femoris) collectively forms the largest muscle mass in the thigh. [Practice more Anatomy PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: Which of the following structures is located within the cavernous sinus?

Internal carotid artery. ***Internal carotid artery*** - The **internal carotid artery** passes **through the lumen** of the cavernous sinus, which is a dural venous sinus located on either side of the sella turcica. - Along with the **abducens nerve (CN VI)**, the internal carotid artery is one of only two structures that passes directly through the cavernous sinus cavity itself. - This is the **most accurate answer** as it traverses the actual sinus space, not just the wall. *Maxillary division of V nerve* - The **maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve (V2)** runs within the **lateral wall** of the cavernous sinus, not through its lumen. - While technically "within" the sinus structure, it is embedded in the dural wall rather than passing through the blood-filled cavity. - This nerve exits the skull through the **foramen rotundum**. - Other nerves in the lateral wall include **CN III, CN IV, and V1**. *Mandibular division of V nerve* - The **mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (V3)** does not pass through or near the cavernous sinus. - It exits the middle cranial fossa directly via the **foramen ovale**, positioned inferior and separate from the cavernous sinus. - V3 is the only division of the trigeminal nerve that does not have any relationship with the cavernous sinus. *Facial nerve* - The **facial nerve (CN VII)** has no anatomical relationship with the cavernous sinus. - It enters the temporal bone through the **internal acoustic meatus**, travels through the facial canal, and exits via the **stylomastoid foramen**. - Its course is entirely separate from the cavernous sinus region. [Practice more Anatomy PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: Which structure(s) passes behind the inguinal ligament:

All of the options. ***Correct: All of the options*** All three structures pass deep to (behind) the inguinal ligament as they transition from the pelvis/abdomen into the thigh [1]. The inguinal ligament forms the superior border of the femoral triangle [1]. ***Femoral branch of genitofemoral nerve (Correct)*** - Pierces the **psoas major** muscle and descends along its anterior surface - Passes through the **lacuna musculorum** (lateral compartment) deep to the inguinal ligament - Lies **lateral to the femoral artery** - Provides sensory innervation to the skin over the femoral triangle ***Femoral vein (Correct)*** - Continuation of the popliteal vein from the lower limb - Passes through the **lacuna vasorum** (medial compartment/femoral canal) within the **femoral sheath** - Located **medial to the femoral artery** behind the inguinal ligament [1] - Carries deoxygenated blood back to the heart via the external iliac vein ***Psoas major (Correct)*** - Major hip flexor muscle originating from lumbar vertebrae (T12-L5) - Passes through the **lacuna musculorum** deep to the inguinal ligament - Located **lateral to the femoral vessels** - Combines with iliacus to form iliopsoas, inserting on the lesser trochanter of femur [Practice more Anatomy PYQs on OnCourse]

Question 1

Which carpal bone does not articulate with the radius?

Accepted Answer

Pisiform

Answer

Scaphoid

Answer

Lunate

Answer

Triquetrum

Question 2

Posterior cardinal veins develop into:

Accepted Answer

Common iliac vein

Answer

Parts of inferior vena cava

Answer

Hemiazygos vein

Answer

Azygos vein

Question 3

Which of the following statements about the adductors of the thigh is correct?

Accepted Answer

Adductor brevis is the shortest adductor muscle

Answer

The main blood supply to the adductors is from the profunda femoris artery.

Answer

The ischial head of adductor magnus is not an adductor muscle.

Answer

The adductor magnus is the largest muscle in the thigh.

Question 4

Which of the following structures is located within the cavernous sinus?

Accepted Answer

Internal carotid artery

Answer

Maxillary division of V nerve

Answer

Mandibular division of V nerve

Answer

Facial nerve

Question 5

Which structure(s) passes behind the inguinal ligament:

Accepted Answer

All of the options

Answer

Femoral branch of genitofemoral nerve

Answer

Femoral vein

Answer

Psoas major

Question 6

Which of the following is a tributary of the coronary sinus?

Accepted Answer

Great cardiac vein

Answer

Anterior cardiac vein

Answer

Smallest cardiac vein

Answer

Thebesian vein

Question 7

The structure which lies outside the femoral sheath is:

Accepted Answer

Femoral nerve

Answer

Genitofemoral nerve

Answer

Femoral vein

Answer

Femoral artery

Question 8

Which structure is contained within the femoral canal?

Accepted Answer

Deep inguinal lymph node

Answer

Loose areolar tissue and fat

Answer

Lymphatic vessels

Answer

Femoral vein

Question 9

Which is the largest nerve that exits the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen?

Accepted Answer

Sciatic nerve

Answer

Superior gluteal artery

Answer

Inferior gluteal artery

Answer

Piriformis muscle

Question 10

Which artery is primarily responsible for supplying the head and neck of the femur?

Accepted Answer

Medial circumflex artery

Answer

Obturator artery

Answer

Lateral circumflex artery

Answer

Profunda femoris artery

NEET-PG 2015 — Anatomy